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arXiv 2409.00525hep-ph
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在PYTHIA模型框架下研究LHC能区pp碰撞中π±,0的强强度观测量

The study of strongly intensive observables for $π^{\pm,0}$ in $pp$ collisions at LHC energy in the framework of PYTHIA model

Tumpa Biswas, Dibakar Dhar, Azharuddin Ahmed, Prabir Kumar Haldar, Abdel Nasser Tawfik

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19 pages, 10 Figures ( Total 18 Figures with sub-figures)
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AI总结：

本文利用PYTHIA模拟13 TeV pp碰撞，通过标度阶乘矩和Ginzburg-Landau理论分析π介子的分形参数与相变特征，发现全同粒子效应在混合π介子对中减弱，并观察到夸克-强子相变迹象及从多重分形到单分形的转变。

摘要：

利用标度阶乘矩（SFM）框架，在质心能量√s=13 TeV下，通过一维η空间研究了每种π介子（即π±,0）的分形和相变性质。为生成√s=13 TeV最小偏差（MB）条件下pp碰撞的模拟数据集，我们采用了基于蒙特卡罗的事件模拟器PYTHIA。计算了各种参数，如Levy指数（μ）、多重分形度（r）、反常分形维数（dq）、多重分形比热（c）和临界指数（ν）。为研究全同粒子（此处为π介子）引起的玻色-爱因斯坦（BE）效应，我们还推导了混合π介子对（即{π+,π−}、{π+,π0}和{π−,π0}）的这些参数，发现相对于单独分布，混合时全同粒子的效应减弱。对夸克-强子相变的探索也在二阶相变的Ginzburg-Landau（GL）理论框架内进行。分析表明，对于PYTHIA生成的MB事件，根据GL理论存在夸克-强子相变的明确迹象。此外，PYTHIA模型在MB条件下生成的每个π+、π−、π0及混合π介子对数据集的多重分形比热（c）值表明，在√s=13 TeV的pp碰撞中存在从多重分形到单分形的转变。

英文摘要：

The fractal and phase transitional properties of each type of pions (i.e. $π^{\pm,0}$) through one-dimensional $η-$space, at an energy of $\sqrt{s}=13~$TeV, have been studied with the help of the Scaled Factorial Moment (SFM) framework. To generate simulated data sets for $pp$ collisions under the minimum bias (MB) condition at $\sqrt{s}=13~$TeV, we have employed the Monte Carlo-based event simulator PYTHIA. Various parameters such as the Levy index $(μ)$, degree of multifractality $(r)$, anomalous fractal dimension $(d_q)$, multifractal specific heat $(c)$ and critical exponent $(ν)$ have been calculated. To study the Bose Einstein(BE) effect due to identical particles (here pions) we have also derived these parameters for mixed pion pairs (i.e. $\{π^{+},π^{-}\}$, $\{π^{+},π^{0}\}$ and $\{π^{-},π^{0}\}$) and we find that the effects of identical particles weakened for the mixture with respect to the individual distributions. The quest for the quark-hadron phase transition has also been conducted within the framework of the Ginzburg-Landau (GL) theory of second-order phase transition. Analysis revealed that for PYTHIA-generated MB events, there is a clear indication of the quark-hadron phase transition according to the GL theory. Furthermore, the values of the multifractal specific heat ($c$) for each $π^{+}, π^{-}, π^{0}$ and the mixture pair data sets of pions generated by PYTHIA model at MB condition, indicate a transition from multifractality to monofractality in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13~$TeV.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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