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arXiv 2408.09413quant-phcs.ITmath.IT
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任意噪声下GHZ态保真度估计的误差最小化

Error minimization for fidelity estimation of GHZ states with arbitrary noise

Liangzhong Ruan

AI总结:

针对任意噪声下无先验信息的GHZ态平均保真度估计问题,提出结合保保真度对角化、布洛赫表示分析与Fisher信息最大化的协议,实现最小均方误差且易部署,在两类噪声场景下均优于现有方案。

摘要:

保真度估计是纠缠分发网络质量控制的关键组成部分。本文研究多节点共享含噪Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ,格林伯格-霍恩-蔡林格)态的场景。由于量子测量具有坍缩特性,各节点随机抽取一部分含噪GHZ态进行测量,再基于测量结果估计未抽样态的平均保真度。通过提出保保真度对角化操作、分析GHZ态的布洛赫表示以及最大化Fisher信息(费舍尔信息),所提出的估计协议在任意噪声且无先验信息的高难度场景下,实现了最小均方估计误差。此外,该协议仅需按照预定义序列使用局部Pauli算子,易于实际部署。数值研究表明,与现有保真度估计协议相比,该协议在独立同分布(i.i.d.)噪声和关联噪声两种场景下均能降低估计误差。

英文摘要:

Fidelity estimation is a crucial component for the quality control of entanglement distribution networks. This work studies a scenario in which multiple nodes share noisy Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states. Due to the collapsing nature of quantum measurements, the nodes randomly sample a subset of noisy GHZ states for measurement and then estimate the average fidelity of the unsampled states conditioned on the measurement outcome. By developing a fidelity-preserving diagonalization operation, analyzing the Bloch representation of GHZ states, and maximizing the Fisher information, the proposed estimation protocol achieves the minimum mean squared estimation error in a challenging scenario characterized by arbitrary noise and the absence of prior information. Additionally, this protocol is implementation-friendly as it only uses local Pauli operators according to a predefined sequence. Numerical studies demonstrate that, compared to existing fidelity estimation protocols, the proposed protocol reduces estimation errors in both scenarios involving independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) noise and correlated noise.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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