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arXiv 2408.07355cond-mat.mes-hall
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非厄米量子分形

Non-Hermitian Quantum Fractals

Junsong Sun, Chang-An Li, Qingyang Guo, Weixuan Zhang, Shiping Feng, Xiangdong Zhang, Huaiming Guo, Björn Trauzettel

AI总结:

本文提出在无外部磁场下,树状晶格耦合Hatano-Nelson模型中涌现非厄米量子分形,证明其能谱与波函数的自相似性源于迭代晶格与非厄米性的相互作用,为非厄米系统量子分形研究开辟新途径。

摘要:

物理学中发现的首个量子分形是Hofstadter蝴蝶。它源于大型外部磁场。相反,我们发现在没有任何场的情况下,树状晶格上的耦合Hatano-Nelson模型中涌现出一类新的非厄米量子分形(NHQFs)。基于解析解,我们能够严格识别能谱和波函数中的自相似递归结构。我们证明了NHQFs的复谱与分形理论中的Mandelbrot集相似。NHQFs的自相似性根植于迭代晶格构型与非厄米性的相互作用。此外,我们展示了NHQFs存在于具有迭代晶格结构的广义非厄米系统中。我们的发现为在非厄米系统中研究量子分形开辟了新途径。

英文摘要:

The first quantum fractal discovered in physics is the Hofstadter butterfly. It stems from large external magnetic fields. We discover instead a new class of non-Hermitian quantum fractals (NHQFs) emerging in coupled Hatano-Nelson models on a tree lattice in absence of any fields. Based on analytic solutions, we are able to rigorously identify the self-similar recursive structures in energy spectrum and wave functions. We prove that the complex spectrum of NHQFs bears a resemblance to the Mandelbrot set in fractal theory. The self-similarity of NHQFs is rooted in the interplay between the iterative lattice configuration and non-Hermiticity. Moreover, we show that NHQFs exist in generalized non-Hermitian systems with iterative lattice structures. Our findings open a new avenue for investigating quantum fractals in non-Hermitian systems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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