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文献综述网络:一种用于系统性文献综述、Meta分析与方法开发的可解释人工智能

The Literature Review Network: An Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Systematic Literature Reviews, Meta-analyses, and Method Development

Ziplitics, Inc.(Ziplitics公司);Mölnlycke Health Care(墨尼克医疗保健);Convatec LTD(康维德公司);Helios Kliniken Schwerin(赫利俄斯什未林医院);Universitätsmedizin Rostock(罗斯托克大学医学中心)

Joshua Morriss, Tod Brindle, Jessica Bah Rösman, Daniel Reibsamen, Andreas Enz

AI总结:

本研究提出首个符合PRISMA 2020标准的可解释AI平台LRN,无需专家训练即可自动化完成系统性文献综述,在外科手套领域验证中准确率超84%,效率远超人工综述,可加速临床研究进展。

摘要:

系统性文献综述是研究中证据质量最高的形式,但综述流程受到显著的资源与数据限制。文献综述网络(Literature Review Network,LRN)是首个符合PRISMA 2020标准的可解释AI平台,旨在自动化整个文献综述流程。研究在外科手套操作领域对LRN进行了评估,使用专家开发的3个检索词在PubMed数据库中检索文献。由一名非专业人员训练所有LRN模型,以专家人工综述为基准对模型性能进行对标,通过可解释性指标与性能指标评估LRN复现专家综述的能力,采用Jaccard指数和混淆矩阵衡量一致性,研究人员在研究完成前对彼此的结果不知情,将重叠研究整合到LRN生成的系统性综述中。LRN模型无需专业人员训练即展现出优异的分类准确率,分别达到84.78%和85.71%。性能最优的模型实现了较高的评分者间信度(k = 0.4953)与良好的可解释性指标,将“减少(reduce)”“事故(accident)”“锐器(sharp)”与“戴双层手套(double-gloving)”相关联。另一款LRN模型尽管与非专业人员的判断存在分歧(k = 0.2174),仍覆盖了91.51%的相关文献,关联的术语为“乳胶(latex)”“双层(手套,double)”与“适应症(indication)”。LRN的表现优于人工综述(人工需耗时11个月共19920分钟),将整个流程缩短至5天共288.6分钟。本研究表明,可解释AI无需专业人员训练,即可像专家一样成功开展符合PRISMA标准的系统性文献综述。LRN总结了外科手套研究的结果,识别出的主题与临床研究人员的发现几乎一致。可解释AI能够准确加速我们对临床实践的理解,有望革新医疗健康研究。

英文摘要:

Systematic literature reviews are the highest quality of evidence in research. However, the review process is hindered by significant resource and data constraints. The Literature Review Network (LRN) is the first of its kind explainable AI platform adhering to PRISMA 2020 standards, designed to automate the entire literature review process. LRN was evaluated in the domain of surgical glove practices using 3 search strings developed by experts to query PubMed. A non-expert trained all LRN models. Performance was benchmarked against an expert manual review. Explainability and performance metrics assessed LRN's ability to replicate the experts' review. Concordance was measured with the Jaccard index and confusion matrices. Researchers were blinded to the other's results until study completion. Overlapping studies were integrated into an LRN-generated systematic review. LRN models demonstrated superior classification accuracy without expert training, achieving 84.78% and 85.71% accuracy. The highest performance model achieved high interrater reliability (k = 0.4953) and explainability metrics, linking 'reduce', 'accident', and 'sharp' with 'double-gloving'. Another LRN model covered 91.51% of the relevant literature despite diverging from the non-expert's judgments (k = 0.2174), with the terms 'latex', 'double' (gloves), and 'indication'. LRN outperformed the manual review (19,920 minutes over 11 months), reducing the entire process to 288.6 minutes over 5 days. This study demonstrates that explainable AI does not require expert training to successfully conduct PRISMA-compliant systematic literature reviews like an expert. LRN summarized the results of surgical glove studies and identified themes that were nearly identical to the clinical researchers' findings. Explainable AI can accurately expedite our understanding of clinical practices, potentially revolutionizing healthcare research.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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