We obtain geometric lower bounds for the low Steklov eigenvalues of finite-volume hyperbolic surfaces with geodesic boundary. The bounds we obtain depend on the length of a shortest multi-geodesic disconnecting the surfaces into connected components each containing a boundary component and the rate of dependency on it is sharp. Our result also identifies situations when the bound is independent of the length of this multi-geodesic. The bounds also hold when the Gaussian curvature is bounded between two negative constants and can be viewed as a counterpart of the well-known Schoen-Wolpert-Yau inequality for Laplace eigenvalues. The proof is based on analysing the behaviour of the {corresponding Steklov} eigenfunction on an adapted version of thick-thin decomposition for hyperbolic surfaces with geodesic boundary. Our results extend and improve the previously known result in the compact case obtained by a different method.
In this paper, we obtain a comparison of Steklov eigenvalues and Laplacian eigenvalues on graphs and discuss its rigidity. As applications of the comparison of eigenvalues, we obtain Lichnerowicz-type estimates and some combinatorial estimates for Steklov eigenvalues on graphs.
This is a continuation of our previous work arXiv:1601.05617 on trace and inverse trace of Steklov eigenvalues. More new inequalities for the trace and inverse trace of Steklov eigenvalues are obtained.
Consider a compact Riemannian manifold with boundary. In this short note we prove that under certain positive curvature assumptions on the manifold and its boundary the Steklov eigenvalues of the manifold are controlled by the Laplace eigenvalues of the boundary. Additionally, in two dimensions we obtain an upper bound for these Steklov eigenvalues in terms of topology of the surface without any curvature restrictions.
We consider a shape optimization problem for the first mixed Steklov-Dirichlet eigenvalues of domains bounded by two balls in two-point homogeneous space. We give a geometric proof which is motivated by Newton's shell theorem
We prove two explicit bounds for the multiplicities of Steklov eigenvalues $σ_k$ on compact surfaces with boundary. One of the bounds depends only on the genus of a surface and the index $k$ of an eigenvalue, while the other depends as well on the number of boundary components. We also show that on any given smooth Riemannian surface with boundary, the multiplicities of Steklov eigenvalues $σ_k$ are uniformly bounded in $k$.
We prove that in Riemannian manifolds the $k$-th Steklov eigenvalue on a domain and the square root of the $k$-th Laplacian eigenvalue on its boundary can be mutually controlled in terms of the maximum principal curvature of the boundary under sectional curvature conditions. As an application, we derive a Weyl-type upper bound for Steklov eigenvalues. A Pohozaev-type identity for harmonic functions on the domain and the min-max variational characterization of both eigenvalues are important ingredients.
We show that for compact Riemannian manifolds of dimension at least $3$ with nonempty boundary, we can modify the manifold by performing surgeries of codimension $2$ or higher, while keeping the Steklov spectrum nearly unchanged. This shows that certain changes in the topology of a domain do not have an effect when considering shape optimization questions for Steklov eigenvalues in dimensions $3$ and higher. Our result generalizes the 1-dimensional surgery in [FS2] to higher dimensional surgeries and to higher eigenvalues. It is proved in [FS2] that the unit ball does not maximize the first no…
Using expander graphs, we construct a sequence of smooth compact surfaces with boundary of perimeter N, and with the first non-zero Steklov eigenvalue uniformly bounded away from zero. This answers a question which was raised in [9]. The genus grows linearly with N, this is the optimal growth rate.
We give explicit isoperimetric upper bounds for all Steklov eigenvalues of a compact orientable surface with boundary, in terms of the genus, the length of the boundary, and the number of boundary components. Our estimates generalize a recent result of Fraser-Schoen, as well as the classical inequalites obtained by Hersch-Payne-Schiffer, whose approach is used in the present paper.
We obtain upper bounds for the Steklov eigenvalues $σ_k(M)$ of a smooth, compact, connected, $n$-dimensional submanifold $M$ of Euclidean space with boundary $Σ$ that involve the intersection indices of $M$ and of $Σ$. One of our main results is an explicit upper bound in terms of the intersection index of $Σ$, the volume of $Σ$ and the volume of $M$ as well as dimensional constants. By also taking the injectivity radius of $Σ$ into account, we obtain an upper bound that has the optimal exponent of $k$ with respect to the asymptotics of the Steklov eigenvalues as $k \to \infty$.
We obtain upper and lower bounds for Steklov eigenvalues of submanifolds with prescribed boundary in Euclidean space. A very general upper bound is proved, which depends only on the geometry of the fixed boundary and on the measure of the interior. Sharp lower bounds are given for hypersurfaces of revolution with connected boundary: we prove that each eigenvalue is uniquely minimized by the ball. We also observe that each surface of revolution with connected boundary is isospectral to the disk.
We prove that the isoperimetric inequality due to Hersch-Payne-Schiffer for the n-th nonzero Steklov eigenvalue of a bounded simply-connected planar domain is sharp for all n=1,2,... The equality is attained in the limit by a sequence of simply-connected domains degenerating to the disjoint union of n identical disks. We give a new proof of this inequality for n=2 and show that it is strict in this case. Related results are also obtained for the product of two consecutive Steklov eigenvalues.
We present a unified description of extremal metrics for the Laplace and Steklov eigenvalues on manifolds of arbitrary dimension using the notion of $n$-harmonic maps. Our approach extends the well-known results linking extremal metrics for eigenvalues on surfaces with minimal immersions and harmonic maps. In the process, we uncover two previously unknown features of the Steklov eigenvalues. First, we show that in higher dimensions there is a unique normalization involving both the volume of the boundary and of the manifold itself, which leads to meaningful extremal eigenvalue problems. Second…
Given a smooth compact hypersurface $M$ with boundary $Σ=\partial M$, we prove the existence of a sequence $M_j$ of hypersurfaces with the same boundary as $M$, such that each Steklov eigenvalue $σ_k(M_j)$ tends to zero as $j$ tends to infinity. The hypersurfaces $M_j$ are obtained from $M$ by a local perturbation near a point of its boundary. Their volumes and diameters are arbitrarily close to those of $M$, while the principal curvatures of the boundary remain unchanged.
In recent years, eigenvalue optimization problems have received a lot of attention, in particular, due to their connection with the theory of minimal surfaces. In the present paper we prove that on any orientable surface there exists a smooth metric maximizing the first normalized Steklov eigenvalue. For surfaces of genus zero, this has been earlier proved by A. Fraser and R. Schoen. Our approach builds upon their ideas and further developments due to R. Petrides. As a corollary, we show that there exist free boundary branched minimal immersions of an arbitrary compact orientable surface with …
We show rigidity of the first conformal Steklov eigenvalue on annuli and Möbius bands. The proof relies, among others, on uniqueness results due to Fraser--Schoen, a compactness theorem of the second named author, and recent work of the authors on asymptotic control of Steklov eigenvalues in glueing constructions.
We consider the Steklov problem associated with the weighted p-Laplace operator and $(p,q)$-Laplacian on submanifolds with the boundary of Euclidean spaces and prove Reilly-type upper bounds for their first eigenvalues.
In this paper we construct compact manifolds with fixed boundary geometry which admit Riemannian metrics of unit volume with arbitrarily large Steklov spectral gap. We also study the effect of localized conformal deformations that fix the boundary geometry. For instance, we prove that it is possible to make the spectral gap arbitrarily large using conformal deformations which are localized on domains of small measure, as long as the support of the deformations contains and connects each component of the boundary.
In this paper, motivated by the work of Raulot and Savo, we generalize Raulot-Savo's estimate for the first Steklov eigenvalues of Euclidean domains to higher Steklov eigenvalues.
We prove a lower bound for the $k$-th Steklov eigenvalues in terms of an isoperimetric constant called the $k$-th Cheeger-Steklov constant in three different situations: finite spaces, measurable spaces, and Riemannian manifolds. These lower bounds can be considered as higher order Cheeger type inequalities for the Steklov eigenvalues. In particular it extends the Cheeger type inequality for the first nonzero Steklov eigenvalue previously studied by Escobar in 1997 and by Jammes in 2015 to higher order Steklov eigenvalues. The technique we develop to get this lower bound is based on considerin…
We show that the ball does not maximize the first nonzero Steklov eigenvalue among all contractible domains of fixed boundary volume in $\mathbb{R}^n$ when $n \geq 3$. This is in contrast to the situation when $n=2$, where a result of Weinstock from 1954 shows that the disk uniquely maximizes the first Steklov eigenvalue among all simply connected domains in the plane having the same boundary length. When $n \geq 3$, we show that increasing the number of boundary components does not increase the normalized (by boundary volume) first Steklov eigenvalue. This is in contrast to recent results whi…
In this article, we prove an isoperimetric inequality for the harmonic mean of the first $(n-1)$ nonzero Steklov eigenvalues on bounded domains in $n$-dimensional Hyperbolic space. Our approach to prove this result also gives a similar inequality for the first $n$ nonzero Steklov eigenvalues on bounded domains in $n$-dimensional Euclidean space.
Let M be a compact Riemannian manifold with boundary. Let b>0 be the number of connected components of its boundary. For manifolds of dimension at least 3, we prove that it is possible to obtain an arbitrarily large (b+1)-th Steklov eigenvalue using a smooth conformal perturbation which is supported in a thin neighbourhood of the boundary, identically equal to 1 on the boundary. For j<b+1, it is also possible to obtain arbitrarily large j-th eigenvalue, but this require the conformal factor to spread throughout the interior of the manifold M. This is in stark contrast with the situation for th…
In this paper we study spectral properties of Dirichlet-to-Neumann map on differential forms obtained by a slight modification of the definition due to Belishev and Sharafutdinov. The resulting operator $Λ$ is shown to be self-adjoint on the subspace of coclosed forms and to have purely discrete spectrum there.We investigate properies of eigenvalues of $Λ$ and prove a Hersch-Payne-Schiffer type inequality relating products of those eigenvalues to eigenvalues of Hodge Laplacian on the boundary. Moreover, non-trivial eigenvalues of $Λ$ are always at least as large as eigenvalues of Dirichlet-to-…
In this paper, two interesting eigenvalue comparison theorems for the first non-zero Steklov eigenvalue of the Laplacian have been established for manifolds with radial sectional curvature bounded from above. Besides, sharper bounds for the first non-zero eigenvalue of the Wentzell eigenvalue problem of the weighted Laplacian, which can be seen as a natural generalization of the classical Steklov eigenvalue problem, have been obtained.
We introduce the biharmonic Steklov problem on differential forms by considering suitable boundary conditions. We characterize its smallest eigenvalue and prove elementary properties of the spectrum. We obtain various estimates for the first eigenvalue, some of which involve eigenvalues of other problems such as the Dirichlet, Neumann, Robin and Steklov ones. Independently, new inequalities relating the eigenvalues of the latter problems are proved.
In this paper, we obtain some new estimates for the trace and inverse trace of Steklov eigenvalues. The estimates generalize some previous results of Hersch-Payne-Schiffer , Brock}, Raulot-Savo and Dittmar.
In this paper we prove that given a volume, among all domains with smooth boundary in rank-1 symmetric spaces of noncompact type, geodesic balls maximizes the first nonzero Steklov eigenvalue. We also prove a comparison result for the first nonzero Steklov eigenvalue for domains in simply connected Riemannian manifolds with certain curvature bounds.
In this paper, we generalize the Hersch-Payne-Schiffer inequality for Steklov eigenvalues to higher dimensional case by extending the trick used by Hersch, Payne and Schiffer to higher dimensional manifolds.
Let N be a complete Riemannian manifold of dimension n+1 whose Riemannian metric g is conformally equivalent to a metric with non-negative Ricci curvature. The normalized Steklov eigenvalues of a bounded domain in N are bounded above in terms of the isoperimetric ratio of the domain. Consequently, the normalized Steklov eigenvalues of a bounded domain in Euclidean space, hyperbolic space or a standard hemisphere are uniformly bounded above. On a compact surface with boundary, the normalized Steklov eigenvalues are uniformly bounded above in terms of the genus. We also obtain a relationship bet…
We prove several results about the multiplicity of the first Steklov eigenvalues on compact surfaces with boundary. We improve some bounds on the multiplicity, especially for the first eigenvalue, and we prove they are sharp on some surfaces of small genus. In a previous article, we defined a new chromatic invariant of surfaces with boundary and conjectured that this invariant is related to the bound on the first eigenvalue. In the present article, we study this invariant, and prove that the conjecture is true when the known bound is sharp.
In this paper, we obtain monotonicity of Steklov eigenvalues on graphs which as a special case on trees extends the results of He-Hua [Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations 61 (2022), no. 3, Paper No. 101, arXiv: 2103.07696] to higher Steklov eigenvalues and gives affirmative answers to two problems proposed in He-Hua [arXiv: 2103.07696]. As applications of the monotonicity of Steklov eigenvalues, we obtain some estimates for Steklov eigenvalues on trees generalizing the isodiametric estimate for the first positive Steklov eigenvalues on trees in He-Hua [arXiv:2011.11014].
In this note, an isoperimetric inequality for the harmonic mean of lower order Steklov eigenvalues is proved on bounded domains in noncompact rank-$1$ symmetric spaces. This work extends result of \cite{BR.01} and \cite{V.21} proved for bounded domains in Euclidean space and Hyperbolic space, respectively.
Let $Ω$ be a star-shaped bounded domain in $(\mathbb{S}^{n}, ds^{2})$ with smooth boundary. In this article, we give a sharp lower bound for the first non-zero eigenvalue of the Steklov eigenvalue problem in $Ω.$ This result is the generalization of a result given by Kuttler and Sigillito for a star-shaped bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^2.$ Further we also obtain a two sided bound for the first non-zero eigenvalue of the Steklov problem on the ball in $\mathbb{R}^n$ with rotationally invariant metric and with bounded radial curvature.
This work is an extension of a result given by Kuttler and Sigillito (SIAM Rev $10$:$368-370$, $1968$) on a star-shaped bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^2$. Let $Ω$ be a star-shaped bounded domain in a hypersurface of revolution, having smooth boundary. In this article, we obtain a sharp lower bound for all Steklov eigenvalues on $Ω$ in terms of the Steklov eigenvalues of the largest geodesic ball contained in $Ω$ with the same center as $Ω$. We also obtain similar bounds for all Steklov eigenvalues on star-shaped bounded domain in paraboloid, $P = \left\lbrace (x, y, z) \in \mathbb{R}^{3} : z = …
We associate a sequence of variational eigenvalues to any Radon measure on a compact Riemannian manifold. For particular choices of measures, we recover the Laplace, Steklov and other classical eigenvalue problems. In the first part of the paper we study the properties variational eigenvalues and establish a general continuity result, which shows for a sequence of measures converging in the dual of an appropriate Sobolev space, that the associated eigenvalues converge as well. The second part of the paper is devoted to various applications to shape optimization. The main theme is studying shar…
Using methods in the spirit of deterministic homogenisation theory we obtain convergence of the Steklov eigenvalues of a sequence of domains in a Riemannian manifold to weighted Laplace eigenvalues of that manifold. The domains are obtained by removing small geodesic balls that are asymptotically densely uniformly distributed as their radius tends to zero. We use this relationship to construct manifolds that have large Steklov eigenvalues. In dimension two, and with constant weight equal to 1, we prove that Kokarev's upper bound of $8π$ for the first nonzero normalised Steklov eigenvalue on or…
In this short note, we show the rigidity of a trace estimate for Steklov eigenvalues with respect to functions in our previous work (Trace and inverse trace of Steklov eigenvalues. J. Differential Equations 261 (2016), no. 3, 2026--2040.). Namely, we show that equality of the estimate holds if and only if the manifold is a direct product of a round ball and a closed manifold. The key ingredient in the proof is a decomposition theorem for flat and totally geodesic Riemannian submersions which may be of independent interests.
We obtain supremum of the k-th normalized Steklov eigenvalues of all rotational symmetric conformal metrics on the cylinder with k>1. The case k=1 for all conformal metrics has been completely solved by Fraser and Schoen. We give geometric description in terms of minimal surfaces for metrics attaining the supremum. We also obtain some partial results on the comparison of the normalized Stekov eigenvalues of rotationally symmetric metrics and general conformal metrics on the cylinder. A counter example is constructed to show that for that the first normalized Steklov eigenvalue of rotationally …
We prove Li-Yau-Kröger type bounds for Neumann-type eigenvalues of the poly-harmonic operator and of the biharmonic operator on bounded domains in a Euclidean space. We also prove sharp estimates for lower order eigenvalues of a biharmonic Steklov problem and of the Laplacian, which directly implies two sharp Reilly-type inequalities for the corresponding first nonzero eigenvalue.
