We build on a 1990 paper of Bukovsky and Coplakova-Hartova. First, we remove the hypothesis of $\textsf{CH}$ from one of their minimality results. Then, using a measurable cardinal, we show that there is a $|\aleph_2^V|=\aleph_1$-minimal extension that is not a $|\aleph_3^V|=\aleph_1$-extension, answering the first of their questions.
We show that compact cardinals and {\rm MM} are sensitive to $λ$-closed forcings for arbitrarily large $λ$. This is done by adding 'regressive' $λ$-Kurepa-trees in either case. We argue that the destruction of regressive Kurepa-trees with {\rm MM} requires the use of Namba forcing.
We prove a variation of Easton's lemma for strongly proper forcings, and use it to prove that, unlike the stronger principle $\textsf{IGMP}$, $\textsf{GMP}$ together with $2^ω\le ω_2$ is consistent with the existence of an $ω_1$-distributive nowhere c.c.c. forcing poset of size $ω_1$. We introduce the idea of a weakly guessing model, and prove that many of the strong consequences of the principle $\textsf{GMP}$ follow from the existence of stationarily many weakly guessing models. Using Namba forcing, we construct a model in which there are stationarily many indestructibly weakly guessing mode…
The preservation theorems for semi-properness, hemi-properness, and pseudo-completeness hold for countable support iterations as well as revised countable support iterations, notwithstanding the fact that the "factor lemma" fails for the countable support versions. Example: The countable support iteration of Namba forcing over a ground model of CH does not add reals. Example: A countable support iteration built from Namba forcing and Cohen forcing, over a ground model of CH, does not collapse omega_1
We prove that the Sacks forcing collapses the continuum onto the dominating number d, answering the question of Carlson and Laver. Next we prove that if a proper forcing of the size at most continuum collapses omega_2 then it forces diamond_{omega_1} .
Let $κ$ be an uncountable cardinal such that $2^{<κ} = κ$ or just ${\rm cf}(κ) > ω$, $2^{2^{<κ}}= 2^κ$, and $([κ]^κ, \supseteq)$ collapses $2^κ$ to $ω$. We show under these assumptions the $κ$-Miller forcing with club many splitting nodes collapses $2^κ$ to $ω$ and adds a $κ$-Cohen real.
In this paper we consider the Foreman's maximality principle, which says that any non-trivial forcing notion either adds a new real or collapses some cardinals. We prove the consistency of some of its consequences. We prove that it is consistent that every $c.c.c.$ forcing adds a real and that for every uncountable regular cardinal $κ$, every $κ$-closed forcing of size $2^{<κ}$ collapses some cardinals.
Various theorems for the preservation of set-theoretic axioms under forcing are proved, regarding both forcing axioms and axioms true in the Levy-Collapse. These show in particular that certain applications of forcing axioms require to add generic countable sequences high up in the set-theoretic hierarchy even before collapsing everything down to $\aleph\_1$. Later we give applications, among them the consistency of ${\rm MM}$ with $\aleph\_ω$ not being Jonsson which answers a question raised during Oberwolfach 2005.
We build a supercompact version of the forcing defined in \cite{gitik2019}. For each singular cardinal in the ground model with any fixed cofinality, which is a limit of supercompact cardinals, it is possible to force so that the size of the powerset of the singular cardinal is arbitrarily large, while preserving the singular cardinal. An important feature of this forcing is that it is possible to define the forcing so that the successor of the singular cardinal is collapsed, but all the cardinals above it are preserved.
We show that if $cf(2^{\aleph_0})=\aleph_1,$ then any non-trivial $\aleph_1$-closed forcing notion of size $\leq 2^{\aleph_0}$ is forcing equivalent to $Add(\aleph_1, 1),$ the Cohen forcing for adding a new Cohen subset of $ω_1.$ We also produce, relative to the existence of suitable large cardinals, a model of $ZFC$ in which $2^{\aleph_0}=\aleph_2$ and all $\aleph_1$-closed forcing notion of size $\leq 2^{\aleph_0}$ collapse $\aleph_2,$ and hence are forcing equivalent to $Add(\aleph_1, 1).$ These results answer a question of Scott Williams from 1978. We also extend a result of Todorcevic and…
The Maximality Principle MP is a scheme which states that if a sentence of the language of ZFC is true in some forcing extension V^P, and remains true in any further forcing extension of V^P, then it is true in all forcing extensions of V. A modified maximality principle MP_Gamma arises when considering forcing with a particular class Gamma of forcing notions. A parametrized form of such a principle, MP_Gamma(X), considers formulas taking parameters; to avoid inconsistency such parameters must be restricted to a specific set X which depends on the forcing class Gamma being considered. A strong…
The modal logic of forcing arises when one considers a model of set theory in the context of all its forcing extensions, interpreting necessity as "in all forcing extensions" and possibility as "in some forcing extension". In this modal language one may easily express sweeping general forcing principles, such as the assertion that every possibly necessary statement is necessarily possible, which is valid for forcing, or the assertion that every possibly necessary statement is true, which is the maximality principle, a forcing axiom independent of but equiconsistent with ZFC (Stavi-Väänänen, Ha…
Let mu be singular of uncountable cofinality. If mu>2^{cf(mu)}, we prove that in P=([mu]^mu,supseteq) as a forcing notion we have a natural complete embedding of Levy(aleph_0, mu^+) (so P collapses mu^+ to aleph_0) and even Levy(aleph_0, U_{J^{bd}_kappa}(mu)) . The ``natural'' means that the forcing ({p in [mu]^mu :p closed}, supseteq) is naturally embedded and is equivalent to the Levy algebra. If mu <2^{cf(mu)} we have weaker results.
The {\em Singular Cardinal Hypothesis} (SCH) is one of the most classical combinatorial principles in set theory. It says that if $κ$ is singular strong limit, then $2^κ=κ^+$. We prove that given a singular cardinal $κ$ of {\em cofinality} $η$ in the ground model, which is a limit of suitable large cardinals, and $η^+=\aleph_γ$, then there is a forcing extension which preserves cardinals and cofinalities up to and including $η$, such that $κ$ becomes $\aleph_{γ+η}$, and SCH fails at $κ$. Furthermore, if $η$ is not an $\aleph$-fixed point, then in our model, SCH fails at $\aleph_η$. Our large c…
This thesis consists of two parts: the construction of a jointly universal family of graphs, and then an exploration of set-theoretic geology. Firstly we shall construct a model in which $2^{\aleph_{ω_1}}=2^{\aleph_{ω_1+1}}=\aleph_{ω_1+3}$ but there is a jointly universal family of size $\aleph_{ω_1+2}$ of graphs on $\aleph_{ω_1+1}$. We take a supercompact cardinal $κ$ and will use Radin forcing with interleaved collapses to change $κ$ into $\aleph_{ω_1}$. Prior to the Radin forcing we perform a preparatory iteration to add functions from $κ^+$ into Radin names for what will become members of …
In this paper, we address the question of when a non-free $\aleph_1$-free group $H$ can be be free in a transitive cardinality-preserving model extension. Using the $Γ$-invariant, denoted $Γ(H)$, we present a necessary and sufficient condition resolving this question for $\aleph_1$-free groups of cardinality $\aleph_1$. Specifically, if $Γ(H) = [\aleph_1]$, then $H$ will be free in a transitive model extension if and only if $\aleph_1$ collapses, while for $Γ(H) \ne [\aleph_1]$ there exist cardinality-preserving forcings that will add a basis to $H$. In particular, for $Γ(H) \neq [\aleph_1]$, …
