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arXiv 2407.09233astro-ph.SRphysics.space-ph
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一次早期脉冲型耀斑引发的脉冲式地磁效应

An impulsive geomagnetic effect from an early-impulsive flare

Hugh S. Hudson, Edward. W. Cliver, Lyndsay Fletcher, Declan A. Diver, Peter T. Gallagher, Ying Li, Christopher M. J. Osborne, Craig Stark, Yang Su

AI总结:

本研究发现SOL2024-03-10(M7.4级)耀斑的早期脉冲硬辐射分量引发了偏离常规模式的脉冲式地磁太阳耀斑效应(SFE),为极短时间尺度下的太阳物理脉冲响应研究提供了新方向。

摘要:

地磁“太阳耀斑效应”(solar flare effect,SFE)由地球电离层的过量电离产生,其最著名的首次探测是在1859年卡林顿耀斑发生时。这种对耀斑的间接探测是“多信使天文学”的最早案例之一,即太阳电离辐射激发电离层电流。观测充分的SFE时间尺度为数分钟,扰动幅度大于10 nT,最强烈的事件可达100 nT以上。在先前报道的案例中,SFE的时间剖面往往与使D区电离的太阳软X射线发射的时间剖面相似;莱曼α(Lyman-alpha)也有贡献,但相关研究较少。我们在此报告一个来自耀斑SOL2024-03-10(M7.4级)的特殊案例,其中的脉冲式SFE偏离了这一模式。该耀斑包含一个“早期脉冲”分量,其辐射硬度极高,延伸至1 MeV以上的γ射线能量,且出现时间明显早于耀斑软X射线发射的主体部分。得益于现代广泛的波长覆盖,我们能够详细表征该早期脉冲分量的谱分布。在耀斑主相期间,还出现了更典型的缓变式SFE。我们认为,这类事件值得在极短时间尺度的“脉冲响应”极限下开展太阳物理学探索。

英文摘要:

The geomagnetic "solar flare effect" (SFE) results from excess ionization in the Earth's ionosphere, famously first detected at the time of the Carrington flare in 1859. This indirect detection of a flare constituted one of the first cases of "multimessenger astronomy," whereby solar ionizing radiation stimulates ionospheric currents. Well-observed SFEs have few-minute time scales and perturbations of >10 nT, with the greatest events reaching above 100 nT. In previously reported cases the SFE time profiles tend to resemble those of solar soft X-ray emission, which ionizes the D-region; there is also a less-well-studied contribution from Lyman-alpha. We report here a specific case, from flare SOL2024-03-10 (M7.4), in which an impulsive SFE deviated from this pattern. This flare contained an "early impulsive" component of exceptionally hard radiation, extending up to gamma-ray energies above 1 MeV, distinctly before the bulk of the flare soft X-ray emission. We can characterize the spectral distribution of this early-impulsive component in detail, thanks to the modern extensive wavelength coverage. A more typical gradual SFE occurred during the flare's main phase. We suggest that events of this type warrant exploration of the solar physics in the "impulse response" limit of very short time scales.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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