In this study we present the analysis of six solar flare events that occurred in 2022, using new data from the third-generation Miniature X-Ray Solar Spectrometer (MinXSS), also known as the Dual-zone Aperture X-ray Solar Spectrometer (DAXSS). The primary focus of this study is on the flare's "onset phase", which is characterized by elevated soft X-ray emissions even before the flare's impulsive phase. We analyze the temporal evolution of plasma temperature, emission measure, and elemental abundance factors during the flare onset phase, by fitting the DAXSS spectra with the Astrophysical Plasma Emission Code (APEC) model. The model fitting results indicate that the flaring-plasma is already at a high temperature (10-15 MK) during the onset period. The temperature rises during the onset phase, followed by a decrease and subsequent increase during the impulsive phase. Elemental abundance factors show a trend of falling below pre-flare values during the onset phase, with some recovery before the impulsive phase. During the impulsive phase, the abundance factors decrease from elevated coronal values to about photospheric values. We also analyze images from the 193 Angstrom channel of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA), highlighting the formation or brightening of coronal loop structures during the onset phase. Two distinct onset loop configurations are observed which are referred to as 1-loop and 2-loop onsets. Both DAXSS and AIA observations indicate that the flare onset phase exhibits similar hot coronal plasma properties as the impulsive phase, suggesting that the onset phase may act as a preconditioning effect for some flares.
耀斑是我们太阳系中的一个主要爆炸事件。它们通常伴随着日冕物质抛射,有可能引发地磁暴。有各种各样的研究旨在预测耀斑可能发生的时间和地点。这些研究主要集中在耀斑爆发前的光球和色球活动。本文研究了2006年12月13日著名的大耀斑爆发前的日冕特征。本文利用太阳和日光层天文台(SOHO)/极紫外成像望远镜(EIT)、太阳和日光层成像光谱仪(EIS)和X射线望远镜(XRT)的观测资料,讨论了耀斑爆发前大尺度(约100弧秒)的日冕特征。结果表明:(1)耀斑爆发前,活动区及其周围的上升气流开始增长,增长速度约为10 ~ 30 km /s/d。2)在耀斑爆发前几个小时,可以清楚地观察到不断膨胀的日冕环。3)软X射线和EUV强度逐渐降低。4)耀斑后上升气流进一步增强。从这些观测到的特征,我们得出结论,低密度的活动区环的外部扩张的耀斑爆发前一天,和高密度的内部扩张的爆发前几个小时。
Plasma Heating and Energization in Hot-Onset Flare Precursor Events
IREAP, University of Maryland(马里兰大学 IREAP);Dept. of Physics, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, and the Joint Space Science Institute, University of Maryland(马里兰大学物理系、物理科学与技术研究所和联合空间科学研究所)
Multiwavelength Observations of the Precursors Before the Eruptive X4.9 Limb Solar Flare on 25 February, 2014: Current Sheet, Eruptive Filament, Flare and Eruption Onset in the Frame of the Tether-Cutting Magnetic Reconnection Scenario
Flare Energy Release in the Magnetic Field Polarity Inversion Line During M1.2 Solar Flare of March 15, 2015. Paper I. Onset of Plasma Heating and Electrons Acceleration
Investigating Energetic X-Shaped Flares on the Outskirts of A Solar Active Region
典型的太阳耀斑在色球层上显示出两条准平行的明亮带状物。在它们之间的是极性反转线(PIL),其分离有源区(AR)中相反极性的集中磁通量。有趣的是,在NOAA AR 11967外围的类似位置也发生了一系列X形条带的耀斑,那里的磁通量分散,但其中三个耀斑的能量惊人。X形状,其中心与硬X射线发射重合,在UV/EUV中是相似的,这在标准耀斑模型中是不能容纳的。绘制出势场中的磁连通性,我们发现X形态由两个准分界线层的交叉决定,即,双曲线通量管(HFT),其中嵌入连接双零的分离器。这种拓扑结构不是纯粹的局部,而是受整个AR的通量和流量的调节。非线性无力场模型建议在HFT处形成电流层,其中电流耗散可以通过场对准热传导映射到X形带。这些结果突出了高频电磁场在三维磁重联中的关键作用,并对天体物理和实验室等离子体具有重要意义。
A Two-ribbon White-light Flare Associated with a Failed Solar Eruption Observed by ONSET, SDO, and IRIS
双带增亮是爆发型太阳耀斑最显著的特征之一,常被用来预测日冕物质抛射(CME)的发生。然而,最近有人质疑是否所有的双带耀斑都是爆发性的。在本文中,我们研究了一个两个带状白光(WL)耀斑,这是与失败的磁通量绳(MFR)爆发2015年1月13日,没有伴随CME在WL日冕。\textit{Optical and Near-infrared Solar Eruption Tracer}和\textit{Solar Dynamics Observatory}的观测结果表明,随着耀斑发射的增加和未成功爆发的MFR的加速,在WL 3600的通带处出现了两个孤立的核,并迅速发展成两个细长的带状结构。WL连续谱增强的演化与\textit{Fermi}硬X射线26- 50 keV通量的变化在时间上完全一致。在\textit{Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph}观察到的整个FUV和NUV通带处,连续发射的增加也是清晰可见的。此外,在一个WL核中,\ion{Si}{4}、\ion{C}{2}和\ion{Mg}{2} h/k线显示显著增强和非热增宽。然而,它们的多普勒速度模式是依赖于位置的。在强烈明亮的像素,这些线表现出蓝移;而在中等明亮的,线通常是红移。这些结果表明,失败的MFR爆发也能够产生一个双带耀斑和高能电子,加热低层大气,导致WL和FUV/NUV连续辐射和色球…
Multi-Wavelength Diagnostics of Pre-Flare Evolution with Aditya-L1: From the Solar Chromosphere to the Corona
Manipal Academy of Higher Education(马尼帕尔高等教育学院);Physical Research Laboratory(物理研究所);U R Rao Satellite Centre(U R Rao卫星中心);Centre for Excellence in Space Sciences India, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata(印度空间科学卓越中心,加尔各答科学与研究教育研究所);Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics(大学间天文与天体物理中心);Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College (Autonomous)(斯里达尔马斯塔拉曼朱纳特什瓦拉学院(自治))
Investigating Pre-flare Signatures in Spectroscopic Observations of an X9-class Solar Flare
New Jersey Institute of Technology(新泽西理工学院);Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université(巴黎天文台,巴黎文理研究大学,法国国家科学研究中心,索邦大学);National Solar Observatory(美国国家太阳天文台);University of Colorado Boulder(科罗拉多大学博尔德分校)
Investigating magnetic activity in very stable stellar magnetic fields: long-term photometric and spectroscopic study of the fully convective M4 dwarf V374 Peg
Investigating the propagation of small-scale flare energy in the lower and upper atmosphere of solar active region
Physical Research Laboratory(物理研究实验室);Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar(甘地纳加尔印度理工学院);University of Cambridge(剑桥大学);University of Sheffield(谢菲尔德大学);Eötvös Loránd University(罗兰大学);Gyula Bay Zoltán Solar Observatory (GSO)(久拉·巴伊·佐尔坦太阳观测站)
The puzzling story of flare inactive ultra fast rotating M dwarfs -- III. Investigating X-ray Activity
University of Warwick(华威大学);University of Michigan(密歇根大学);Armagh Observatory and Planetarium(阿马赫天文台和天文馆);Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), Quantum, University of Turku(芬兰ESO天文学中心(FINCA),量子,图尔库大学)
Multi-wavelength view of an M2.2 Solar Flare on 26 November 2000
在本文中,我们提出了一个M2.2级太阳耀斑的2000年11月26日从NOAA AR 9236的研究。各种地面观测站(ARIES,Learmonths Solar Observatory)和空间仪器(SOHO,HXRS,GOES)在02:30 UT至04:00 UT的时间间隔内都很好地观测到了耀斑。耀斑起始于长弧形外耀斑带。之后,主耀斑开始与两个主要带。最初,外带开始以平均速率($\sim$ 20 km s $^{-1}$)膨胀,随后显示收缩。耀斑与部分晕日冕物质抛射(CME),其平均速率为495公里/秒$^{-1}$。SOHO/MDI观测表明,活动区为四极磁位形。在耀斑爆发前,观测到耀斑附近的通量抵消现象。我们的分析表明耀斑是由磁爆发机制引发的。