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arXiv 2403.05992astro-ph.SR
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太阳耀斑起始阶段的软X射线光谱研究

Investigating the Soft X-ray Spectra of Solar Flare Onsets

Anant Telikicherla, Thomas N. Woods, Bennet D. Schwab

AI总结:

本研究利用DAXSS和AIA数据分析2022年6次太阳耀斑的起始阶段,发现该阶段耀斑等离子体已达10-15 MK高温,存在两种日冕环结构,且与脉冲相热等离子体特性相似,可能对耀斑起预调节作用。

摘要:

本研究利用第三代微型X射线太阳光谱仪(MinXSS,又称双区孔径X射线太阳光谱仪DAXSS)的新数据,对2022年发生的6次太阳耀斑事件进行了分析。研究的核心聚焦于耀斑的“起始阶段”,该阶段的特征是甚至在耀斑脉冲相之前就已出现增强的软X射线发射。通过用天体物理等离子体发射代码(APEC)模型拟合DAXSS光谱,我们分析了耀斑起始阶段等离子体温度、发射量及元素丰度因子的时间演化。模型拟合结果表明,耀斑等离子体在起始阶段就已处于高温状态(1000万-1500万开尔文)。温度在起始阶段上升,随后在脉冲相先下降再上升。元素丰度因子在起始阶段呈现出低于耀斑前值的趋势,在脉冲相之前有一定程度的恢复。在脉冲相期间,丰度因子从升高的日冕值下降到约光球层值。我们还分析了大气成像组件(AIA)193埃通道的图像,凸显了起始阶段日冕环结构的形成或增亮过程。观测到两种不同的起始环结构,分别被称为1环起始和2环起始。DAXSS和AIA的观测结果均表明,耀斑起始阶段表现出与脉冲相相似的热日冕等离子体特性,这提示起始阶段可能对部分耀斑起到预调节作用。

英文摘要:

In this study we present the analysis of six solar flare events that occurred in 2022, using new data from the third-generation Miniature X-Ray Solar Spectrometer (MinXSS), also known as the Dual-zone Aperture X-ray Solar Spectrometer (DAXSS). The primary focus of this study is on the flare's "onset phase", which is characterized by elevated soft X-ray emissions even before the flare's impulsive phase. We analyze the temporal evolution of plasma temperature, emission measure, and elemental abundance factors during the flare onset phase, by fitting the DAXSS spectra with the Astrophysical Plasma Emission Code (APEC) model. The model fitting results indicate that the flaring-plasma is already at a high temperature (10-15 MK) during the onset period. The temperature rises during the onset phase, followed by a decrease and subsequent increase during the impulsive phase. Elemental abundance factors show a trend of falling below pre-flare values during the onset phase, with some recovery before the impulsive phase. During the impulsive phase, the abundance factors decrease from elevated coronal values to about photospheric values. We also analyze images from the 193 Angstrom channel of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA), highlighting the formation or brightening of coronal loop structures during the onset phase. Two distinct onset loop configurations are observed which are referred to as 1-loop and 2-loop onsets. Both DAXSS and AIA observations indicate that the flare onset phase exhibits similar hot coronal plasma properties as the impulsive phase, suggesting that the onset phase may act as a preconditioning effect for some flares.

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