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arXiv 2310.00366astro-ph.SR
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太阳耀斑的起始与演化:二维与三维磁重联模型的应用

Onset and evolution of solar flares: Application of 2D and 3D models of magnetic reconnection

Bhuwan Joshi, Prabir K. Mitra, Astrid M. Veronig, R. Bhattacharyya

AI总结:

该研究结合2D与3D磁重联模型,梳理太阳耀斑观测特征与理论认识的对应关系,重点分析含平行带、日冕喷流等的复杂圆形带耀斑,探究不同类型耀斑及喷流触发条件的相似性。

摘要:

当代多波段观测已揭示太阳耀斑过程中的各类重要特征,这些特征一方面支持二维(2D)“标准耀斑模型”,另一方面也推动了对耀斑所涉及三维(3D)磁场拓扑结构的探索。传统上,极性反转线(PIL)两侧平行带的形成及相关的上方环拱结构,被认为是爆发型耀斑最显著的特征,这也构成了标准模型的发展基础,该模型为耀斑相关现象提供了二维描述。然而,实际耀斑发生在更为复杂的三维磁结构中。因此,尽管标准模型具有普遍适用性,但在解释一些必须用三维描述的特征时,其作用十分有限甚至完全无法解释。在此背景下,“圆形带耀斑”的观测结果尤为突出,这类耀斑的其中一条带呈现出几乎完全闭合的准圆形或准椭球形状,证明了典型的扇-脊磁结构的参与。本文中,我们结合二维和三维磁重联模型,讨论了太阳耀斑的观测特征与理论认识的对应关系。我们重点介绍了几例同时呈现平行带、日冕喷流和/或爆发磁通量绳的复杂圆形带耀斑案例。对各类三维拓扑结构的探索也让我们能够探究喷流、约束型耀斑以及产生日冕物质抛射(CME)的爆发型耀斑的触发条件之间的相似性。

英文摘要:

The contemporary multi-wavelength observations have revealed various important features during solar flares which, on one hand, support the two-dimensional (2D) "standard flare model" while, on other hand, also urge for the exploration of three-dimensional (3D) magnetic field topologies involved in flares. Traditionally, the formation of parallel ribbons on both side of the polarity inversion line (PIL) and associated overlying loop arcades have been recognized as the most prominent features of eruptive flares which has formed the basis for the development of the standard model providing a 2D description of the flare-associated phenomena. The actual flare, however, occurs in a more complicated 3D magnetic structure. Thus, despite the general applicability, the standard model has limited or no scope in explaining some of the features which exclusively requires a 3D description. In this context, the observations of "circular ribbon flares" stand out where one of the ribbons presents an almost fully closed quasi-circular or quasi-ellipsoidal shape, evidencing the involvement of a typical fan-spine magnetic configuration. In this article, we discuss observational features vis à vis theoretical understanding of solar flares in view of 2D and 3D models of magnetic reconnection. We highlight a few complex cases of circular ribbon flares exhibiting parallel ribbons, a coronal jet, and/or an erupting magnetic flux rope. Exploring various 3D topologies also enables us to probe similarities between the circumstances that govern the onset of jets, confined flares and CME-producing eruptive flares.

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