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arXiv 2407.07543cs.DS
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一种近似有根有向网络的新方法

A New Approach for Approximating Directed Rooted Networks

Sarel Cohen, Lior Kamma, Aikaterini Niklanovits

AI总结:

针对终端出度为0且占比极高的有向图,本文给出k出连通有向Steiner树问题的首个近似算法,其近似比主要依赖S的规模,还提出了高概率多项式时间运行、解权重为最优值O(k|S|log|T|)倍的随机算法。

摘要:

我们研究k出连通有向Steiner树问题(k-DST,即k-outconnected directed Steiner tree problem)。给定一个边带权的有向图$G=(V,E,w)$,其中$V=\{r\cup S \cup T\brace}$,以及整数$k$,问题的目标是找到$G$的一个最小代价子图,使得对每个终端$t\in T$,子图中都存在$k$条边不相交的从根$r$到$t$的路径。已知该问题是NP难的。此外,Grandoni等人(2018年)否定了k-DST存在多项式时间、次多项式近似算法的猜想,他们证明在$NP\neq ZPP$的假设下,该问题的近似难度为$\Omega(|T|/\log |T|)$。受当下实际应用启发,我们聚焦于在终端出度为0且终端占图中节点绝大多数的图上,开发k-DST的高效算法。我们给出了这类图上k-DST的首个近似算法,其近似比主要依赖于集合$S$的大小。我们提出了一种随机算法,该算法能找到权重不超过最优权重$\mathcal O(k|S|\log |T|)$倍的解,且以高概率在多项式时间内运行。

英文摘要:

We consider the k-outconnected directed Steiner tree problem (k-DST). Given a directed edge-weighted graph $G=(V,E,w)$, where $V=\{r\}\cup S \cup T$, and an integer $k$, the goal is to find a minimum cost subgraph of $G$ in which there are $k$ edge-disjoint $rt$-paths for every terminal $t\in T$. The problem is know to be NP-hard. Furthermore, the question on whether a polynomial time, subpolynomial approximation algorithm exists for $k$-DST was answered negatively by Grandoni et al. (2018), by proving an approximation hardness of $Ω(|T|/\log |T|)$ under $NP\neq ZPP$. Inspired by modern day applications, we focus on developing efficient algorithms for $k$-DST in graphs where terminals have out-degree $0$, and furthermore constitute the vast majority in the graph. We provide the first approximation algorithm for $k$-DST on such graphs, in which the approximation ratio depends (primarily) on the size of $S$. We present a randomized algorithm that finds a solution of weight at most $\mathcal O(k|S|\log |T|)$ times the optimal weight, and with high probability runs in polynomial time.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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