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arXiv 2407.05930math.NAcs.DCcs.NA
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面向具有对称性区域的多重网格归约框架

A multigrid reduction framework for domains with symmetries

Àdel Alsalti-Baldellou, Carlo Janna, Xavier Álvarez-Farré, F. Xavier Trias

AI总结:

本文提出利用反射、平移和旋转对称性的多重网格归约框架 AMGR,在保持 AMG 收敛性的同时降低成本并提升计算密度,工业 CFD 中求解 Poisson 方程最高加速 70%。

摘要:

散度约束存在于众多物理现象的控制方程中,它们通常会导出一个 Poisson 方程,而该方程的求解是许多仿真代码的瓶颈。代数多重网格(AMG)可以说是 Poisson 方程最强有力的预条件子,其有效性来自平滑器和粗网格校正的互补作用:平滑器负责衰减高频误差分量,而粗网格校正则缩减低频模态。本文提出若干策略,通过利用反射、平移和旋转对称性,使 AMG 更具计算密集性。我们的最终方案 AMGR 不要求边界条件具有对称性,因此适用于广泛的学术和工业配置。它基于一种多重网格归约框架,在多重网格层级中引入激进粗化,从而降低顶层平滑器的内存占用、设置和应用成本。在保持 AMG 优异收敛性的同时,AMGR 允许用计算更密集的稀疏矩阵—矩阵乘积替代标准的稀疏矩阵—向量乘积,从而带来显著加速。在工业 CFD 应用上的数值实验表明,使用 AMGR 而非 AMG 求解 Poisson 方程时,加速比最高可达 70%。此外,强可扩展性和弱可扩展性分析均显示没有显著性能退化。

英文摘要:

Divergence constraints are present in the governing equations of numerous physical phenomena, and they usually lead to a Poisson equation whose solution represents a bottleneck in many simulation codes. Algebraic Multigrid (AMG) is arguably the most powerful preconditioner for Poisson's equation, and its effectiveness results from the complementary roles played by the smoother, responsible for damping high-frequency error components, and the coarse-grid correction, which in turn reduces low-frequency modes. This work presents several strategies to make AMG more compute-intensive by leveraging reflection, translational and rotational symmetries. AMGR, our final proposal, does not require boundary conditions to be symmetric, therefore applying to a broad range of academic and industrial configurations. It is based on a multigrid reduction framework that introduces an aggressive coarsening to the multigrid hierarchy, reducing the memory footprint, setup and application costs of the top-level smoother. While preserving AMG's excellent convergence, AMGR allows replacing the standard sparse matrix-vector product with the more compute-intensive sparse matrix-matrix product, yielding significant accelerations. Numerical experiments on industrial CFD applications demonstrated up to 70% speed-ups when solving Poisson's equation with AMGR instead of AMG. Additionally, strong and weak scalability analyses revealed no significant degradation.

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