arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2407.02249cond-mat.mtrl-sciphysics.chem-ph
收藏

金属卤化物钙钛矿中近表面点缺陷性质的调制

Modulation of Point Defect Properties Near Surfaces in Metal Halide Perovskites

Bilal Ahmad, Md Salman Rabbi Limon, Zeeshan Ahmad

AI总结:

本研究通过第一性原理计算揭示了金属卤化物钙钛矿中缺陷形成能随表面深度的饱和指数变化规律,发现表面与体相缺陷性质差异显著,为系统处理钙钛矿太阳能电池的非辐射损耗提供了理论依据。

摘要:

人们现已广泛认识到,在金属卤化物钙钛矿中,表面和界面缺陷表现出与体相缺陷不同的行为。然而,从体相到表面行为的转变以及表面影响的空间范围目前尚不清楚。为了解决这一问题,我们对甲基铵碘化铅和碘化铯铅中不同深度的碘空位和间隙缺陷进行了第一性原理计算,从而绘制出随深度变化的行为。我们发现,当缺陷从表面向体相移动时,缺陷形成能遵循一个饱和指数曲线。利用第一性原理计算得到的缺陷形成能,我们通过计算与每种缺陷相关的衰减长度,量化了表面影响的范围。研究发现,对于甲基铵碘化铅中带负电的碘空位,其表面与体相缺陷形成能的差异高达 1.12 eV,这导致了表面缺陷的富集。通过对缺陷结构的分析,我们发现体相和表面缺陷性质的差异是不同键长的结果,在某些情况下,甚至是键合和配位环境变化的结果。最后,我们确定了缺陷跃迁能级如何随层指数变化,这可能会促进非辐射复合的增加。我们的发现为在钙钛矿太阳能电池中系统处理非辐射损耗铺平了道路,该方法结合了空间依赖的缺陷密度和跃迁能级。

英文摘要:

It is now widely recognized that surface and interfacial defects exhibit distinct behavior compared to bulk defects in metal halide perovskites. However, the transition from bulk to surface behavior and the spatial extent of the surface's influence are not well understood. To address this, we conducted first-principles calculations on iodine vacancies and interstitial defects in methylammonium lead iodide and cesium lead iodide at various depths from the surface, enabling us to map out depth-dependent behavior. We find that the defect formation energy follows a saturating exponential curve as the defect moves away from the surface to the bulk. Using first-principles calculated defect formation energies, we quantify the extent of the surface's influence by calculating the decay length associated with each defect. The difference between the surface and bulk defect formation energy is found to be as high as 1.12 eV for the negatively charged iodine vacancy in methylammonium lead iodide, leading to the enrichment of the surface with defects. Through analysis of defective structures, we find that the differences in the bulk and surface defect properties are a consequence of different bond lengths and in some cases, even changes in bonding and coordination environments. Finally, we determine how the defect transition levels change as a function of the layer index, which could contribute to increased non-radiative recombination. Our findings pave the way for a systematic treatment of non-radiative losses in perovskite solar cells that incorporate spatially dependent defect densities and transition levels.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑