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arXiv 2406.19984physics.acc-ph
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软X射线自由电子激光的双束团种子注入

Two-bunch seeding of soft X-ray free electron lasers

E. Schneidmiller, I. Zagorodnov

AI总结:

本文提出一种用于软X射线自由电子激光的双束团种子注入方案,通过低电流种子束团与高电流放大束团的配合,有效克服了标准HGHG方案的激光功率限制与束流动力学效应影响,并在FLASH装置的仿真中于4 nm波长实现数吉瓦级脉冲输出。

摘要:

种子注入自由电子激光(FELs)表现出良好的性能,并已成功应用于极紫外和软X射线波段的不同用户实验中。本文提出了一种对种子注入方案的简单修改,该方案依赖于产生两个间距很小但特性截然不同的束团:一个低电流的种子束团,以及一个放大由种子束团产生的相干辐射的高电流束团。这种方法消除了标准方案中的各种限制,并减轻了一些有害影响。具体而言,可以在简单的高增益谐波生成(HGHG)方案中,以适中的激光功率生成非常高的谐波数。或者,在谐波数适中的情况下,可以大幅降低所需的激光功率,从而简化高重复率种子注入FEL的设计。在所提出的方案中,束流动力学效应(如电子束纵向相空间的非线性、相干同步辐射、纵向空间电荷、几何尾场、微束团不稳定性等)对输出辐射特性(光谱展宽、基座、稳定性)的影响在很大程度上可以被降低。本文通过针对软X射线用户装置FLASH的真实端到端仿真,说明了双束团种子注入方案在HGHG配置下的运行情况。结果表明,使用现有的紧凑型波荡器系统设计,可以在4 nm波长处生成接近傅里叶极限的数吉瓦级脉冲。凭借每秒数千个脉冲,这可以成为光子科学的独特光源。

英文摘要:

Seeded Free Electron Lasers (FELs) demonstrate a good performance and are successfully used in different user experiments in extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray regimes. In this paper a simple modification of the seeding scenario is proposed relying on generation of two closely spaced bunches with very different properties: a low-current seeding bunch, and a high-current bunch that amplifies coherent radiation, produced by the seeding bunch. This approach eliminates different limitations and mitigates some harmful effects in the standard scenario. In particular, one can generate very high harmonic numbers with a moderate laser power in a simple high-gain harmonic generation (HGHG) scheme. Alternatively, in case of moderate harmonic numbers, one can strongly reduce the required laser power thus simplifying design of high repetition rate seeded FELs. An influence of beam dynamics effects (like nonlinearities of the longitudinal phase space of electron beams, coherent synchrotron radiation, longitudinal space charge, geometrical wakefields, microbunching instabilities etc.) on properties of output radiation (spectrum broadening, pedestals, stability) can be to a large extent reduced in the proposed scheme. In this paper we illustrate the operation of the two-bunch seeding scheme in HGHG configuration with realistic start-to-end simulations for the soft X-ray user facility FLASH. We show that nearly Fourier-limited multi-gigawatt pulses can be generated at 4 nm using the present compact design of the undulator system. With several thousand pulses per second this can be a unique source for photon science.

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