MITHRA 1.0：自由电子激光的全波模拟工具
MITHRA 1.0: A full-wave simulation tool for Free Electron Lasers
摘要：
自由电子激光（FEL）是一种在硬X射线领域提供强、相干和明亮辐射的解决方案。由于自由电子激光设备的低壁插效率，这是至关重要的，另外非常有用的，以更好地优化自由电子激光相互作用，开发完整和准确的模拟工具。自由电子激光过程中涉及的高度复杂的动力学是阻碍开发通用模拟工具的主要障碍。本文提出了一种基于Lorentz提升坐标系的时域有限差分/粒子模拟（FDTD/PIC）的数值算法，能够对自由电子激光过程进行全波模拟。所开发的软件提供了一个合适的工具，自由电子激光相互作用的分析，而不考虑任何通常的近似。通过对束团静止坐标系的坐标变换，使束团尺寸、光波长和波荡器周期等不同长度尺度的数值变换为同阶数值。因此，FDTD/PIC模拟与高效的并行化技术相结合，使全波模拟使用可用的计算资源是可行的。利用所开发的软件对几个自由电子激光的实例进行了分析，并根据标准自由电子激光程序对结果进行了基准测试和详细讨论。
英文摘要：
Free Electron Lasers (FELs) are a solution for providing intense, coherent and bright radiation in the hard X-ray regime. Due to the low wall-plug efficiency of FEL facilities, it is crucial and additionally very useful to develop complete and accurate simulation tools for better optimizing a FEL interaction. The highly sophisticated dynamics involved in a FEL process was the main obstacle hindering the development of general simulation tools for this problem. We present a numerical algorithm based on finite difference time domain/Particle in cell (FDTD/PIC) in a Lorentz boosted coordinate system which is able to fulfil a full-wave simulation of a FEL process. The developed software offers a suitable tool for the analysis of FEL interactions without considering any of the usual approximations. A coordinate transformation to bunch rest frame makes the very different length scales of bunch size, optical wavelengths and the undulator period transform to values with the same order. Consequently, FDTD/PIC simulations in conjunction with efficient parallelization techniques make the full-wave simulation feasible using the available computational resources. Several examples of free electron lasers are analyzed using the developed software, the results are benchmarked based on standard FEL codes and discussed in detail.
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