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arXiv 2406.17014hep-phastro-ph.CO
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用来自SO(10)大统一理论(GUT)的亚稳态宇宙弦解释脉冲星计时阵列(PTA)结果

Explaining PTA Results by Metastable Cosmic Strings from SO(10) GUT

Stefan Antusch, Kevin Hinze, Shaikh Saad

AI总结:

本研究详细分析了一类嵌入暴胀的超对称SO(10)大统一模型,其暴胀末期产生的亚稳态宇宙弦形成的纳赫兹随机引力波背景可解释2023年PTA结果,且最低破缺能标与PTA暗示范围吻合。

摘要:

在近期一篇论文(参见https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.108.095053)中,我们已证明2023年PTA(脉冲星计时阵列)结果——其暗示存在纳赫兹频率的随机引力波(GW)背景——指明了一条颇具前景的模型构建路径,可实现嵌入暴胀的$SO(10)$大统一。所提出的超对称方案无需精细调节即可解决二重态-三重态分裂问题,能解释带电费米子和中微子的质量,避免与当前质子衰变限产生冲突,且仅包含不大于伴随表示的表示。该方案具有$SO(10)$多步破缺至标准模型规范对称性的特征,暴胀被嵌入其中,使得暴胀末期会产生亚稳态宇宙弦。该宇宙弦网络产生的随机引力波背景可解释PTA结果。在本文中,我们对这一筛选出的GUT模型类别进行了详细分析,重点关注规范耦合统一条件如何影响多步$SO(10)$破缺的能标以及偏好的引力波谱。与暴胀、用于跷跷板机制的右手中微子质量产生以及亚稳态宇宙弦产生相关的最低破缺能标,与PTA结果所暗示的范围相吻合。

英文摘要:

In a recent paper (see https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.108.095053), we have demonstrated that the 2023 PTA results, which hint at a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background at nanohertz frequencies, point towards a promising model-building route for realizing $SO(10)$ Grand Unification with embedded inflation. The proposed supersymmetric scenario solves the doublet-triplet splitting without fine-tuning, accounts for charged fermion and neutrino masses, avoids conflicts with current proton decay bounds, and includes only representations no larger than the adjoint. It features multi-step breaking of $SO(10)$ to the Standard Model gauge symmetry, with inflation embedded such that metastable cosmic strings are produced at the end of inflation. This cosmic string network generates a stochastic GW background that can explain the PTA results. In this paper, we provide a detailed analysis of the singled out GUT model class, focusing on how the gauge coupling unification condition affects the scales of multi-step $SO(10)$ breaking and the preferred GW spectra. The lowest breaking scale, linked to inflation, the generation of right-handed neutrino masses for the seesaw mechanism, and metastable cosmic string production, coincides with the range suggested by the PTA results.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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