有限生成自由群矩阵代数上的正性定理
A Positivstellensatz on the Matrix Algebra of Finitely Generated Free Group
AI总结:
本文利用实代数几何方法,对有限生成自由群矩阵代数证明了:对称多项式为厄米特平方和当且仅当其在所有有限维酉表示下映为半正定矩阵。
摘要:
正性定理是一组关于实数域或复数域上对合代数正性的定理。其中最著名的正性定理之一是E. Artin对希尔伯特第17问题的解答,该解答断言:n个交换变量上的实多项式在实仿射空间上非负,当且仅当它是分式平方和。设m和n为两个正整数。对于由n个字母生成的自由群F_n,以及一个变量属于F_n、系数为n×n复矩阵的对称多项式b,我们利用实代数几何给出一个新的证明,表明b是厄米特平方和,当且仅当b在F_n的任意有限维酉表示下都被映射为半正定矩阵。
英文摘要:
Positivstellens{ä}tze are a group of theorems on the positivity of involution algebras over $\mathbb{R}$ or $\mathbb{C}$. One of the most well-known Positivstellensatz is the solution to Hilbert's 17th problem given by E. Artin, which asserts that a real polynomial in $n$ commutative variables is nonnegative on real affine space if and only if it is a sum of fractional squares. Let $m$ and $n$ be two positive integers. For the free group $F_n$ generated by $n$ letters, and a symmetric polynomial $b$ with variables in $F_n$ and with $n$-by-$n$ complex matrices coefficients, we use real algebraic geometry to give a new proof showing that $b$ is a sum of Hermitian squares if and only if $b$ is mapped to a positive semidefinite matrix under any finitely dimensional unitary representation of $F_n$.
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