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arXiv 2406.07293cs.SI
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探索 COVID-19 错误信息推文中的认知偏差触发因素:Bot 与人类视角

Exploring Cognitive Bias Triggers in COVID-19 Misinformation Tweets: A Bot vs. Human Perspective

Lynnette Hui Xian Ng, Wenqi Zhou, Kathleen M. Carley

AI总结:

本文通过构建 COVID-19 疫苗错误信息数据集并自动提取八种认知偏差触发因素,对比 Bot 与人类作者推文,发现 Bot 更频繁且更有效地利用偏差触发策略影响参与度,为反制错误信息提供了新视角。

摘要:

在 COVID-19 疫情期间,社交媒体上错误信息的扩散迅速加剧。自动化 Bot 作者被认为是这一激增的重要推手。有假设认为,Bot 作者蓄意制造旨在触发和利用人类认知偏差的在线错误信息,从而提升推文参与度和说服影响力。本研究通过考察 Bot 作者错误信息中嵌入的偏差触发因素,并将其与人类作者错误信息进行对比,来检验这一假设。我们构建了一个 Misinfo Dataset,其中包含来自 Twitter 的 COVID-19 疫苗相关错误信息推文,并标注了作者身份(Bot 与人类),时间覆盖 2020 年 7 月至 2021 年 7 月的疫苗接种期。我们开发了一种算法,以计算方式自动提取八种认知偏差的触发因素。分析结果显示,Availability Bias、Cognitive Dissonance 和 Confirmation Bias 在错误信息中最常见,其中 Bot 作者推文表现出更高的普遍性,且人类与 Bot 在利用偏差触发因素方面呈现不同模式。我们进一步将这些偏差触发因素与参与度指标关联起来,推断其对推文参与度和说服力的潜在影响。总体而言,我们的发现表明,偏差触发策略对 Bot 作者推文的影响比对人类作者推文更大。虽然某些偏差触发因素提升了 Bot 作者推文的参与度,但另一些偏差触发因素却意外降低了参与度。相反,大多数偏差的触发因素似乎与人类作者推文的参与度无关。我们的工作从人类偏差的视角揭示了 Bot 作者与人类作者错误信息在说服策略的差异化使用和效果上的差异,为制定有效应对措施提供了见解。

英文摘要:

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the proliferation of misinformation on social media has been rapidly increasing. Automated Bot authors are believed to be significant contributors of this surge. It is hypothesized that Bot authors deliberately craft online misinformation aimed at triggering and exploiting human cognitive biases, thereby enhancing tweet engagement and persuasive influence. This study investigates this hypothesis by studying triggers of biases embedded in Bot-authored misinformation and comparing them with their counterparts, Human-authored misinformation. We complied a Misinfo Dataset that contains COVID-19 vaccine-related misinformation tweets annotated by author identities, Bots vs Humans, from Twitter during the vaccination period from July 2020 to July 2021. We developed an algorithm to computationally automate the extraction of triggers for eight cognitive biase. Our analysis revealed that the Availability Bias, Cognitive Dissonance, and Confirmation Bias were most commonly present in misinformation, with Bot-authored tweets exhibiting a greater prevalence, with distinct patterns in utilizing bias triggers between Humans and Bots. We further linked these bias triggers with engagement metrics, inferring their potential influence on tweet engagement and persuasiveness. Overall, our findings indicate that bias-triggering tactics have been more influential on Bot-authored tweets than Human-authored tweets. While certain bias triggers boosted engagement for Bot-authored tweets, some other bias triggers unexpectedly decreased it. Conversely, triggers of most biases appeared to be unrelated to the engagement of Human-authored tweets. Our work sheds light on the differential utilization and effect of persuasion strategies between Bot-authored and Human-authored misinformation from the lens of human biases, offering insights for the development of effective counter-measures.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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