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arXiv 2406.01458astro-ph.GAastro-ph.HE
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$z \geq 3$ 处的高红移类星体:射电变化与 MPS/GPS 候选体

High-redshift quasars at $z \geq 3$: radio variability and MPS/GPS candidates

Yu. Sotnikova, A. Mikhailov, T. Mufakharov, T. An, D. Kudryavtsev, M. Mingaliev, R. Udovitskiy, A. Kudryashova, V. Stolyarov, T. Semenova

AI总结:

研究了高红移类星体的射电变化,发现22.3 GHz处变化更高,提出7个GPS和5个MPS新候选体,并修正了GPS/MPS比例预期。

摘要:

我们展示了对 $z\geq3$、亮源 $S_{1.4}\geq100$ mJy 的高红移类星体在长达 30-40 年时间尺度上的射电变化研究。该研究包含了 2017-2020 年间 RATAN-600 在 2.3、4.7、8.2、11.2 和 22.3 GHz 频率下的同时测量数据。此外,还使用了文献中的数据。我们发现,类星体的变化指数 $V_S$(量化考虑测量误差下的最大与最小通量密度的归一化差异)范围在 0.02 到 0.96 之间。样本中约一半天体的变化指数在 0.25 到 0.50 之间,与较低红移 Blazar 中观测到的相当。22.3 GHz 处的 $V_S$ 分布与 2.3-11.2 GHz 处显著不同,这可能归因于致密 AGN 核心在源静止频率大于 45 GHz 时占主导地位,导致 22.3 GHz($V_S$ 分布峰值约 0.4)比低频(2.3 和 4.7 GHz 处 $V_S$ 分布峰值约 0.1-0.2)获得更高的变化指数。通过对类星体进行聚类分析,发现了几个具有独特变化特征的源群。基于谱形状和变化特征,我们提出了 7 个新的千兆赫兹峰值谱(GPS)源候选体和 5 个新的兆赫兹峰值谱(MPS)源。此前报告为 GPS 的 23 个源中,仅有 6 个在 4.7-22.3 GHz 表现出经典 GPS 源典型的低变化水平($V_{S} < 0.25$)。排除高变化的峰值谱 Blazar 后,我们预计样本中不超过 20% 的源为 GPS 候选体,不超过 10% 为 MPS 候选体。

英文摘要:

We present a study of the radio variability of bright, $S_{1.4}\geq100$ mJy, high-redshift quasars at $z\geq3$ on timescales up to 30-40 years. The study involved simultaneous RATAN-600 measurements at frequencies of 2.3, 4.7, 8.2, 11.2, and 22.3 GHz in 2017-2020. In addition, data from the literature were used. We have found that the variability index, $V_S$, which quantifies the normalized difference between the maximum and minimum flux density while accounting for measurement uncertainties, ranges from 0.02 to 0.96 for the quasars. Approximately half of the objects in the sample exhibit a variability index within the range of 0.25 to 0.50, comparable to that observed in blazars at lower redshifts. The distribution of $V_S$ at 22.3 GHz is significantly different from that at 2.3-11.2 GHz, which may be attributed to the fact that a compact AGN core dominates at the source's rest frame frequencies greater than 45 GHz, leading to higher variability indices obtained at 22.3 GHz (the $V_S$ distribution peaks around 0.4) compared to the lower frequencies (the $V_S$ distribution at 2.3 and 4.7 GHz peaks around 0.1-0.2). Several source groups with distinctive variability characteristics were found using cluster analysis of quasars. We propose 7 new candidates for gigahertz peaked-spectrum (GPS) sources and 5 new megahertz peaked-spectrum (MPS) sources based on their spectrum shape and variability features. Only 6 out of 23 sources previously reported as GPS demonstrate a low variability level typical of classical GPS sources ($V_{S} < 0.25$) at 4.7-22.3 GHz. When excluding the highly variable peaked-spectrum blazars, we expect no more than 20% of the sources in the sample to be GPS candidates and no more than 10% to be MPS candidates.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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