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arXiv 2406.00784physics.optics
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多维光学奇点及其应用

Multidimensional optical singularities and their applications

Soon Wei Daniel Lim, Christina M. Spaegele, Federico Capasso

AI总结:

本综述澄清了多维光学奇点的命名,证明任何奇点场可视为有限集的主“通用”奇点集合,并基于一致的数学框架阐述其拓扑鲁棒性及维度控制,同时综述了稳定与近似奇点的设计技术及其跨学科应用。

摘要:

光学奇点是电磁场中某些场参数变得未定义的位置,在超分辨率显微镜、传感和通信等领域具有巨大的应用潜力。这种潜力源于其极高的场局域性和特征性的快速变化场分布。尽管对最初奇点的系统性表征可追溯至数十年前,但近年来在光学频率下亚波长波前控制方面的进展,重新激发了人们对该领域的兴趣,并大幅扩展了已知光学奇点及奇点结构的范围。然而,描述、数学公式和命名约定的多样性可能会引起混淆,并阻碍该领域的可及性。本综述旨在通过证明任何奇点场都可以被概念化为有限集的主“通用”奇点的集合来阐明命名法。由于其拓扑性质,这些奇点对小扰动具有鲁棒性。我们强调,对这些奇点主属性的控制,即它们对扰动的保护和它们的维度,利用了一致的数学框架。此外,我们概述了稳定和近似奇点的当前设计技术,并讨论了它们在各个学科中的应用。

英文摘要:

Optical singularities, which are positions within an electromagnetic field where certain field parameters become undefined, hold significant potential for applications in areas such as super-resolution microscopy, sensing, and communication. This potential stems from their high field confinement and characteristic rapidly-changing field distributions. Although the systematic characterization of the first singularities dates back many decades, recent advancements in sub-wavelength wavefront control at optical frequencies have led to a renewed interest in the field, and have substantially expanded the range of known optical singularities and singular structures. However, the diversity in descriptions, mathematical formulations, and naming conventions can create confusion and impede accessibility to the field. This review aims to clarify the nomenclature by demonstrating that any singular field can be conceptualized as a collection of a finite set of principal, 'generic' singularities. These singularities are robust against small perturbations due to their topological nature. We underscore that the control over the principal properties of those singularities, namely, their protection against perturbations and their dimension, utilizes a consistent mathematical framework. Additionally, we provide an overview of current design techniques for both stable and approximate singularities and discuss their applications across various disciplines.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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