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arXiv 2406.00464cond-mat.mes-hallphysics.optics
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二维材料中的亚波长光学晶格

Sub-wavelength optical lattice in 2D materials

Supratik Sarkar, Mahmoud Jalali Mehrabad, Daniel G. Suárez-Forero, Liuxin Gu, Christopher J. Flower, Lida Xu, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Suji Park, Houk… 展开作者

Supratik Sarkar, Mahmoud Jalali Mehrabad, Daniel G. Suárez-Forero, Liuxin Gu, Christopher J. Flower, Lida Xu, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Suji Park, Houk Jang, You Zhou, Mohammad Hafezi

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AI总结：

本文利用超表面等离子体极化激元在单层MoSe₂中构建亚波长光学晶格，通过非局域泵浦-探测方案将调制功率降低近两个数量级，并验证了激子线宽展宽作为亚衍射调制的标志。

摘要：

近年来，光与物质的相互作用作为诱导和增强众多涌现非平衡现象的控制工具已得到极大拓展。然而，探索此类光致现象的常规方案依赖于均匀且受衍射极限限制的自由空间光学，这限制了空间分辨率以及光与物质相互作用的效率。在此，我们利用超表面等离子体极化激元（MPPs）形成亚波长光学晶格，克服了这些挑战。具体而言，我们报道了一种“非局域”泵浦-探测方案，其中激发MPPs以在距离照明光斑数微米远的单层MoSe$_2$中诱导激子的空间调制交流斯塔克位移。值得注意的是，与自由空间光学照明对应方案相比，我们发现所需调制功率降低了近两个数量级。此外，我们证明了激子线宽的展宽是MPP诱导的周期性亚衍射调制的稳健特征。我们的结果将使得在有源芯片兼容的MPP架构中探索低于衍射极限的高能效光致晶格现象成为可能。

英文摘要：

Recently, light-matter interaction has been vastly expanded as a control tool for inducing and enhancing many emergent non-equilibrium phenomena. However, conventional schemes for exploring such light-induced phenomena rely on uniform and diffraction-limited free-space optics, which limits the spatial resolution and the efficiency of light-matter interaction. Here, we overcome these challenges using metasurface plasmon polaritons (MPPs) to form a sub-wavelength optical lattice. Specifically, we report a ``non-local" pump-probe scheme where MPPs are excited to induce a spatially modulated AC Stark shift for excitons in a monolayer of MoSe$_2$, several microns away from the illumination spot. Remarkably, we identify nearly two orders of magnitude reduction for the required modulation power compared to the free-space optical illumination counterpart. Moreover, we demonstrate a broadening of the excitons' linewidth as a robust signature of MPP-induced periodic sub-diffraction modulation. Our results will allow exploring power-efficient light-induced lattice phenomena below the diffraction limit in active chip-compatible MPP architectures.

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