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单目3D目标检测的完全测试时自适应

Fully Test-Time Adaptation for Monocular 3D Object Detection

Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen(香港中文大学(深圳));National University of Singapore(新加坡国立大学);Nanyang Technological University(南洋理工大学)

Hongbin Lin, Yifan Zhang, Shuaicheng Niu, Shuguang Cui, Zhen Li

AI总结:

针对单目3D目标检测在分布外场景下因分数下降导致目标遗漏和测试时自适应失败的问题,提出基于可靠性驱动和噪声防护双策略的MonoTTA方法,在KITTI和nuScenes数据集上分别实现约190%和198%的性能提升。

摘要:

单目3D目标检测(Mono 3Det)旨在从单张RGB图像中识别3D物体。现有方法通常假设训练和测试数据遵循相同分布,但这在真实测试场景中可能不成立。为了解决分布外(OOD)问题,我们探索了一种针对Mono 3Det的新自适应范式,称为完全测试时自适应。其目标是通过在测试时处理潜在的数据分布偏移,将训练良好的模型适应于无标签测试数据,而无需访问训练数据和测试标签。然而,在Mono 3Det中应用此范式带来了重大挑战,因为OOD测试数据会导致目标检测分数显著下降。这种下降与现有检测方法预设的分数阈值冲突,导致严重的目标遗漏(即极少正检测和大量假阴性)。因此,有限的正检测和大量噪声预测导致测试时自适应在Mono 3Det中失败。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一种基于两个新策略的新型单目测试时自适应方法。1)可靠性驱动的自适应:我们经验性地发现高分物体是可靠的,优化高分物体可以增强所有检测的置信度。因此,我们设计了一种自适应策略来识别可靠物体进行模型自适应,从而发现潜在物体并缓解遗漏。2)噪声防护自适应:由于高分物体可能稀缺,我们开发了一个负正则化项,通过负学习利用大量低分物体,防止过拟合噪声和平凡解。实验结果表明,MonoTTA在OOD测试场景中为Mono 3Det模型带来了显著的性能提升,在KITTI上平均提升约190%,在nuScenes上提升198%。

英文摘要:

Monocular 3D object detection (Mono 3Det) aims to identify 3D objects from a single RGB image. However, existing methods often assume training and test data follow the same distribution, which may not hold in real-world test scenarios. To address the out-of-distribution (OOD) problems, we explore a new adaptation paradigm for Mono 3Det, termed Fully Test-time Adaptation. It aims to adapt a well-trained model to unlabeled test data by handling potential data distribution shifts at test time without access to training data and test labels. However, applying this paradigm in Mono 3Det poses significant challenges due to OOD test data causing a remarkable decline in object detection scores. This decline conflicts with the pre-defined score thresholds of existing detection methods, leading to severe object omissions (i.e., rare positive detections and many false negatives). Consequently, the limited positive detection and plenty of noisy predictions cause test-time adaptation to fail in Mono 3Det. To handle this problem, we propose a novel Monocular Test-Time Adaptation (MonoTTA) method, based on two new strategies. 1) Reliability-driven adaptation: we empirically find that high-score objects are still reliable and the optimization of high-score objects can enhance confidence across all detections. Thus, we devise a self-adaptive strategy to identify reliable objects for model adaptation, which discovers potential objects and alleviates omissions. 2) Noise-guard adaptation: since high-score objects may be scarce, we develop a negative regularization term to exploit the numerous low-score objects via negative learning, preventing overfitting to noise and trivial solutions. Experimental results show that MonoTTA brings significant performance gains for Mono 3Det models in OOD test scenarios, approximately 190% gains by average on KITTI and 198% gains on nuScenes.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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