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arXiv 2405.07375math.GT
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李超代数不变量与近经典结

Lie superalgebra invariants and almost classical knots

The Ohio State University at Marion(俄亥俄州立大学马里昂分校);The Ohio State University(俄亥俄州立大学)

Micah Chrisman, Anup Poudel

AI总结:

本文通过量子拓扑方法研究近经典结,定义了基于李超代数的量子不变量,统一了经典和虚拟链接的多项式,并证明了这些不变量与经典情况的不同。

摘要:

一个虚拟链接被称为近经典(AC)如果它在某些紧化曲面Σ×[0,1]中有一个同调平凡的代表。AC链接为观察虚拟结的几何拓扑提供了有用的窗口。本文采用不同的方法,通过量子拓扑的视角来研究AC链接。现有理论需要两个调整:首先,必须将AC的定义推广以包括虚拟结和特别是虚拟辫。其次,为了区分AC和非AC结,需要额外的量子超群结构。对于每个李超代数gl(m|n),我们定义了一对U_q(gl(m|n))的Reshetikhin-Turaev函子Q^{m|n},Q^{m|n}∘Zh在带状虚拟结上。这里Zh表示Bar-Natan的Zh构造。这些函子将AC链接的Alexander多项式(AP)和所有虚拟链接的广义Alexander多项式(GAP)统一到一个量子模型中:Q^{1|1}恢复AC链接的AP,而对于任何虚拟链接K,Q^{1|1}∘Zh(K)是二变量GAP。然而,当(m,n)≠(1,1)时,这些不变量通常不同于AP和GAP。此外,与经典情况不同,它们不由m-n决定。例如,存在虚拟结具有平凡GAP但非平凡U_q(gl(2|2))和U_q(gl(3|3))不变量。Silver和Williams证明GAP在所有AC链接上消失。我们的主要结果是对近经典结和U_q(gl(m|n))Reshetikhin-Turaev函子的推广定理。我们证明如果T是一个近经典结,则Q^{m|n}∘Zh(T)与Q^{m|n}(T)共轭,共轭由T的Alexander编号决定。

英文摘要:

A virtual link is said to be almost classical (AC) if it has a homologically trivial representative in some thickened surface $Σ\times [0,1]$, where $Σ$ is a closed orientable surface. AC links provide a useful window for observing the geometric topology of virtual knots. Here we take a different approach and look at AC links through the lens of quantum topology. Two adjustments are needed to the existing theory. First, it is necessary to generalize the definition of AC to include virtual tangles and, in particular, virtual braids. Secondly, to distinguish AC and non-AC tangles, the additional structure of quantum supergroups is required. For each Lie superalgebra $\mathfrak{gl}(m|n)$, we define a pair of $U_q(\mathfrak{gl}(m|n))$ Reshetikhin-Turaev functors $Q^{m|n}$, $\widetilde{Q}^{m|n} \circ Zh$ on framed virtual tangles. Here $Zh$ denotes the Bar-Natan $Zh$ construction. These functors unify the Alexander polynomial (AP) of AC links and the generalized Alexander polynomial (GAP) of all virtual links into a single quantum model: $Q^{1|1}$ recovers the AP of an AC link and for any virtual link $K$, $\widetilde{Q}^{1|1}\circ Zh(K)$ is the 2-variable GAP. However, when $(m,n) \ne (1,1)$, these invariants are generally distinct from the AP and GAP. Furthermore, in contrast to the classical case, they are not determined by $m-n$. For example, there are virtual knots with trivial GAP but nontrivial $U_q(\mathfrak{gl}(2|2))$ and $U_q(\mathfrak{gl}(3|3))$ invariants. Silver and Williams proved that the GAP vanishes on all AC links. Our main result is a generalization of this theorem to almost classical tangles and the $U_q(\mathfrak{gl}(m|n))$ Reshetikhin-Turaev functors. We prove that if $T$ is an almost classical tangle, then $\widetilde{Q}^{m|n}\circ Zh(T)$ is conjugate to $Q^{m|n}(T)$, with conjugation determined by an Alexander numbering of $T$.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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