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arXiv 2405.02415hep-phastro-ph.COhep-th
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标准模型内外的希格斯临界性

Higgs criticality in and beyond the Standard Model

Thomas Steingasser

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24 pages, Proceedings of the "Workshop on the Standard Model and Beyond", Corfu Summer Institute, 2023 (CORFU2023-SM)
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AI总结：

本文提出希格斯势参数的精调可理解为接近量子相变临界值，并主张在超出标准模型物理中一般性地研究近临界性，通过具体机制示例和简单模型演示了该猜想的研究方法。

摘要：

希格斯势的性质由三个参数决定：质量参数、四次自耦合以及一个常数项。值得注意的是，这三个参数似乎都受到显著的精调。所有这些精调都可以被视为其对应参数接近标记量子相变的临界值。虽然这种行为从传统粒子物理学的角度来看令人惊讶，但它是动力系统的常见特征。这促使人们猜想希格斯参数的值是某种动力学机制的结果。这种可能性提示我们构建能够动力学地选择希格斯参数集合的机制。在这些笔记中，我讨论一种互补的方法。认真对待这种机制可能在自然界中存在，那么合理地假设它也会影响超出标准模型的物理。这提示我们在任何感兴趣的模型中考虑近临界性，并更一般地研究其后果，特别是独立于负责它的具体机制。我首先解释希格斯势参数接近临界意味着什么。这包括对最近发现的希格斯质量“亚稳态界”的讨论，该界可以通过一个临界点来理解。然后我回顾两个具体机制的例子，在这些机制中，希格斯势的参数被动力学地驱动向临界值。这些机制也作为这些笔记基础假设可行性的重要概念验证。最后一部分使用一个简单的具体例子，明确展示了如何根据近临界性猜想来处理给定的模型。

英文摘要：

The properties of the Higgs potential are determined by three parameters: the mass parameter, the quartic self-coupling, and a constant term. Remarkably, all three of these parameters seem subject to a significant amount of fine-tuning. All these tunings can be seen as their corresponding parameters being close to critical values marking quantum phase transitions. While such behavior is surprising from a conventional particle physics perspective, it is a common feature of dynamical systems. This has motivated the conjecture that the values of the Higgs' parameters are the result of some dynamical mechanism. This possibility suggests the construction of mechanisms dynamically choosing sets of Higgs parameters. In these notes, I discuss a complementary approach. Taking seriously that such a mechanism could exist in nature, it is plausible to assume that it also influences Beyond-Standard-Model physics. This suggests considering near-criticality in any model of interest and investigating its consequences more generally, in particular independent of a concrete mechanism responsible for it. I first explain what it means for the parameters of the Higgs potential to be near-critical. This includes a discussion of the recently discovered "metastability bound" on the Higgs mass, which can be understood through a critical point. I then review two concrete examples of mechanisms in which the parameters of the Higgs potential are dynamically driven towards critical values. These mechanisms also serve as an important proof on concept for the feasibility of the assumptions at the foundation of these notes. Using a simple example for concreteness, the final part of these notes then explicitly demonstrates how to approach a given model in the light of the near-criticality conjecture.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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