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arXiv 2403.18577cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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SrTiO3独立式薄膜中的八面体与极性相变

Octahedral and polar phase transitions in freestanding films of SrTiO3

Ludmila Leroy, Shih-Wen Huang, Chun-Chien Chiu, Sheng-Zhu Ho, Janine Dössegger, Cinthia Piamonteze, Elsa Abreu, Alessandro Bombardi, Jan-Chi Yang, Urs Staub

AI总结:

本文研究了不同厚度SrTiO3独立式薄膜的极性与八面体相变,发现其极性相变温度高达85K且无厚度依赖性,反铁畸变相变温度高于块体且旋转轴倾向面内,表明其性质显著不同于块体。

摘要:

从极端应变到弯曲,对氧化物钙钛矿独立式薄膜的操纵可能性为其性质带来了新的图景,并使其更接近应用。因此,充分理解此类薄膜的固有性质具有重要意义,其中维度和表面效应在决定材料基态性质方面可发挥主要作用。本文报告了典型氧化物SrTiO3(STO)独立式(FS)薄膜的性质,厚度分别为20、30、40和80 nm。我们表明,弛豫的超薄STO FS薄膜在高达85 K的温度下变得具有极性,这与块体的量子顺电行为形成对比。我们的发现基于铁电模式向铁电相变温度Tc的软化,以及在低于Tc时随温度进一步降低的相继硬化,这是通过透射模式的太赫兹时域光谱探测的。我们发现Tc几乎没有厚度依赖性。此外,我们通过X射线衍射(XRD)探测TiO6八面体旋转特征的超晶格反射,表征了STO FS中的反铁畸变(AFD)相变。我们的结果表明,与块体STO相比,其相变温度更高,且畴分布不平衡,有利于旋转轴位于面内。X射线线性二向色性结果进一步显示表面处Ti xz/yz轨道占据优先,但在薄膜内部t2g态完全简并,表明AFD畸变并未强烈影响t2g分裂。这些发现表明STO FS薄膜具有明显不同于块体的性质。

英文摘要:

From extreme strain to bending, the possibilities in the manipulation of freestanding films of oxide perovskites bring a novel landscape to their properties and brings them one step closer to their application. It is therefore of great importance to fully understand the inherent properties of such films, in which dimensionality and surface effects can play a major role in defining the properties of the materials ground state. This paper reports the properties of freestanding (FS) films of the canonical oxide, SrTiO3 (STO) with thicknesses 20, 30, 40 and 80 nm. We show that the relaxed ultrathin STO FS films become polar at temperatures as high as 85 K, in contrast to the quantum paraelectric behavior of bulk. Our findings are based on the softening of the ferroelectric mode towards the ferroelectric transition temperature Tc and its consecutive hardening below Tc with further decreasing temperature, probed with THz time domain spectroscopy in transmission mode. We find almost no thickness dependence in Tc. Moreover, we characterize the antiferrodistortive (AFD) phase transition in STO FS by X-ray diffraction (XRD) probing superlattice reflections characteristic for the rotation of the TiO6 octahedra. Our results point to a higher phase transition temperature in comparison to bulk STO, as well as an unbalanced domain population favoring the rotation axis to be in plane. X-ray linear dichroism results further show a preferential Ti xz/yz orbital occupancy at the surface, but with a complete degeneracy in the t2g states in the inner part of the film indicating that the AFD distortion does not strongly affect the t2g splitting. These findings demonstrate that STO FS films have clearly different properties than bulk.

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