本文基于 Ginzburg-Landau 涨落理论研究了纯净超导体中涡旋液体冻结时的电阻率消失现象,发现 3D 系统中电阻率近乎不连续消失而 2D 系统中无此现象,并结合实验事实讨论了该差异的影响。
摘要:
在具有弱样品无序的纯净块状第二类超导体中,磁场下的超导转变(定义为电阻率的消失)被认为是涡旋液体冻结为某种涡旋固体的反映。本文详细探讨了这一超导的基本问题。基于三维(3D)系统的 Ginzburg-Landau 涨落理论,并通过二维(2D)情况的补充研究,我们发现弱无序 3D 情况下的电阻率以近乎不连续的方式消失,反映了在接近涡旋晶格熔化转变时 Bragg 峰的增长。相比之下,在相应的 2D 情况中并未明显出现这种电阻率的急剧下降。本文结合现有实验事实,讨论了 2D 和 3D 系统在电阻率消失行为上的差异所导致的后果。
英文摘要:
Superconducting transition, defined as vanishing of the resistivity, under a magnetic field in a clean bulk type II superconductor with weak sample disorder is believed to be a reflection of freezing of the vortex liquid to a kind of vortex solids. This fundamental issue on superconductivity is examined in detail. Based on the Ginzburg-Landau fluctuation theory for a three-dimensional (3D) system and through a supplementary study in 2D case, we find that the resistivity in the weakly disordered 3D case vanishes in a nearly discontinuous way, reflecting growth of the Bragg peaks on approaching the vortex lattice melting transition. In contrast, such a sharp decrease of the resistivity does not clearly appear in the corresponding 2D case. The consequences of this difference in the vanishing behavior of the resistivity between the 2D and 3D systems are discussed in relation to available experimental facts.
Observation of a Universial Low Temperature Limit of the Free Flux Flow Resistivity in Superclean Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8 Whiskers
我们报道了洁净Bi $_2$ Sr $_2$ CaCu $_2$ O $_8$单晶中特有的涡旋运动,它揭示了几乎线性的$T$电阻率尾向低温延伸。电阻率被发现,以满足经典的Bardeen-Stephen模型的自由磁通量流动,否则很难观察到在正常的实验条件下,在高- $T_c$铜酸盐。此外,在超净制度,一个普遍的温度无关的磁通流电阻率值,观察到,$ρ_f = 1.4(B-B^*)$。我们解释这种载流子弛豫{ \it独立}行为与涡核内的minigap状态引起的耗散有关。结果与理论计算(N. B. Kopnin和G. E. Volovik,Phys. Rev. Lett. { \bf 79},1377(1997))。
S-wave Superconductivity in Optimally Doped SrTi$_{1-x}$Nb$_x$O$_3$ Unveiled by Electron Irradiation
本文报道了电子辐照SrTi $_{0.987}$ Nb $_{0.013}$ O $_3$单晶的电阻率和磁化率的测量研究。电子辐照引起的点状缺陷使剩余电阻率提高近3倍,但对超导临界温度($T_c$)几乎没有影响。安德森定理的相关性为s波超导序参量的存在提供了有力的证据。较强的散射导致有效相干长度($ξ$)的减小,并且推导出的干净极限相干长度($ξ_0$)在BCS相干长度($ξ_{BCS}$)附近。结合指向多个无节点间隙的热导率数据,当前的结果将最佳掺杂的SrTi $_{1-x}$ Nb $_x$ O $_3$确定为多频带s波超导体。
Switchable chiral 2x2 pair density wave in pure CsV3Sb5
Southern University of Science and Technology(南方科技大学);Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院物理研究所);Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(粤港澳大湾区量子科学中心);Beijing Institute of Technology(北京理工大学)
Heat transport in RbFe2As2 single crystal: evidence for nodal superconducting gap
测量了铁基超导体RbFe $_2$ As $_2$单晶($T_c \approx$ 2.1 K)的面内热导率,其值可低至100 mK。在零场条件下,观测到一个显著的剩余线性项$κ_0/T$ = 0.65 mW K $^{-2}$ cm $^{-1}$,为结超导能隙提供了明确的证据。$κ_0/T$的场依赖性类似于其姊妹化合物CsFe $_2$ As $_2$的场依赖性,具有相当的剩余电阻率$ρ_0$,并且位于脏的和干净的KFe $_2$ As $_2$之间。这些结果表明,(K,Rb,Cs)Fe $_2$ As $_2$系列超导体具有共同的节隙结构。
Evidence for superconducting gap nodes in the zone-centered hole bands of KFe2As2 from magnetic penetration-depth measurements
在铁基磷属元素化物超导体中,KFe $_2$ As $_2$的特殊之处在于它的费米面不是由准嵌套的电子和空穴口袋组成。在这里,我们报告测量的温度依赖的伦敦渗透深度非常干净的晶体,这种化合物与剩余电阻率比$>1200$。我们发现,在低温下的超流密度表现出很强的线性温度依赖性,这意味着有线节点的能隙的大区域中心的孔片。结果表明,KFe $_2$ As $_2$是一种非常规的强电子关联超导体.
Microwave Surface Impedance Measurements of the Electronic State and Dissipation of Magnetic Vortices in Superconducting Iron-Based LiFeAs Single Crystals