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arXiv 2403.14907math.APmath.DS
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具有奇异敏感性和logistic源的趋化系统中 stationary solutions 的稳定性、分岔与尖峰

Stability, bifurcation and spikes of stationary solutions in a chemotaxis system with singular sensitivity and logistic source

Halil Ibrahim Kurt, Wenxian Shen, Shuwen Xue

AI总结:

本文研究带奇异敏感性和logistic源的抛物-椭圆型趋化系统正 stationary solutions 的稳定性、分岔与尖峰,证明了常数解的稳定性切换、非定常 stationary solutions 分支的全局延拓及大参数下尖峰的形成,并辅以数值分析验证。

摘要:

本文研究具有奇异敏感性和logistic源的如下抛物-椭圆型趋化系统正 stationary solutions 的稳定性、分岔和尖峰:\begin{cases} u_t=u_{xx}-χ(\frac{u}{v} v_x)_x+u(a-b u), & 0<x<L, \\, t>0,\cr 0=v_{xx}- μv+ νu, & 0<x<L, \\, t>0 \cr u_x(t,0)=u_x(t,L)=v_x(t,0)=v_x(t,L)=0, & t>0, \tag{1} \end{cases} 其中 $χ$, $a$, $b$, $μ$, $ν$ 为正常数。此外,我们证明存在 $χ^*>0$ 和 $\{χ_k^*\}\subset [χ^*,\infty)$ ($χ^*\in\{χ_k^*\}$),使得当 $0<χ<χ^*$ 时系统(1)的常数解 $(\frac{a}{b},\fracνμ\frac{a}{b})$ 局部稳定,当 $χ>χ^*$ 时不稳定;且在一定条件下,对每个 $k\ge 1$,当 $χ$ 经过 $χ_k^*$ 时,从 $(\frac{a}{b},\fracνμ\frac{a}{b})$ 分岔出系统(1)的一支(局部)非定常 stationary solutions 分支,并得到了局部分岔分支的全局延拓。我们还证明,任何系统(1)的非定常正 stationary solutions 序列 $\{(u(\cdot;χ_n),v(\cdot;χ_n))\}$(其中 $χ=χ_n(\to \infty)$)在满足 $\liminf_{n\to\infty} u(x^*;χ_n)>\frac{a}{b}$ 的任意 $x^*$ 处都会形成尖峰。本文还进行了数值分析。数值上观察到,当 $χ$ 经过 $χ^*$ 时从 $(\frac{a}{b},\fracνμ\frac{a}{b})$ 分岔出的局部分岔分支可延拓到 $χ=\infty$,且该全局分岔延拓上的 stationary solutions 在 $χ\gg 1$ 时局部稳定,并在 $χ\to\infty$ 时形成尖峰。

英文摘要:

In the current paper, we study stability, bifurcation, and spikes of positive stationary solutions of the following parabolic-elliptic chemotaxis system with singular sensitivity and logistic source, \begin{cases} u_t=u_{xx}-χ(\frac{u}{v} v_x)_x+u(a-b u), & 0<x<L, \, t>0,\cr 0=v_{xx}- μv+ νu, & 0<x<L, \, t>0 \cr u_x(t,0)=u_x(t,L)=v_x(t,0)=v_x(t,L)=0, & t>0, \tag{1} \end{cases} where $χ$, $a$, $b$, $μ$, $ν$ are positive constants. Among others, we prove there are $χ^*>0$ and $\{χ_k^*\}\subset [χ^*,\infty)$ ($χ^*\in\{χ_k^*\}$) such that the constant solution $(\frac{a}{b},\fracνμ\frac{a}{b})$ of (1) is locally stable when $0<χ<χ^*$ and is unstable when $χ>χ^*$, and under some generic condition, for each $k\ge 1$, a (local) branch of non-constant stationary solutions of (1) bifurcates from $(\frac{a}{b},\fracνμ\frac{a}{b})$ when $χ$ passes through $χ_k^*$, and global extension of the local bifurcation branch is obtained. We also prove that any sequence of non-constant positive stationary solutions $\{(u(\cdot;χ_n),v(\cdot;χ_n))\}$ of (1) with $χ=χ_n(\to \infty)$ develops spikes at any $x^*$ satisfying $\liminf_{n\to\infty} u(x^*;χ_n)>\frac{a}{b}$. Some numerical analysis is carried out. It is observed numerically that the local bifurcation branch bifurcating from $(\frac{a}{b},\fracνμ\frac{a}{b})$ when $χ$ passes through $χ^*$ can be extended to $χ=\infty$ and the stationary solutions on this global bifurcation extension are locally stable when $χ\gg 1$ and develop spikes as $χ\to\infty$.

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