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arXiv 2403.12910cs.ROcs.AIcs.LG
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对你的机器人喊话:通过语言纠正实现即时改进

Yell At Your Robot: Improving On-the-Fly from Language Corrections

Stanford University(斯坦福大学);UC Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校)

Lucy Xiaoyang Shi, Zheyuan Hu, Tony Z. Zhao, Archit Sharma, Karl Pertsch, Jianlan Luo, Sergey Levine, Chelsea Finn

AI总结:

本文提出利用人类语言纠正来监督高级策略,使机器人能实时适应反馈并迭代改进,显著提升长时间跨度灵巧操作任务的性能,无需额外远程操作。

摘要:

结合语言和低级控制的分层策略已被证明能够通过利用零样本高级规划器(如预训练的语言和视觉语言模型(LLM/VLM))或基于标注的机器人演示训练的模型,出色地执行长时间跨度的机器人任务。然而,对于复杂且灵巧的技能,在长时间跨度任务上实现高成功率仍然是一个重大挑战——任务越长,某个阶段失败的可能性就越大。人类能否通过直观自然的反馈帮助机器人持续改进其长时间跨度任务性能?在本文中,我们观察到:索引到足够丰富且表达力强的低级语言条件技能的高级策略,可以很容易地通过人类以语言纠正形式的反馈进行监督。我们表明,即使是细粒度的纠正,如小幅移动(“向左移动一点”),也能被有效地纳入高级策略,并且这种纠正可以很容易地从观察机器人并偶尔提出建议的人类那里获得。该框架使机器人不仅能够快速适应实时语言反馈,还能将此反馈纳入迭代训练方案,该方案仅通过口头反馈就能提高高级策略在低级执行和高级决策中纠正错误的能力。我们在真实硬件上的评估表明,这显著提高了长时间跨度、灵巧操作任务的性能,而无需任何额外的远程操作。视频和代码可在 https://yay-robot.github.io/ 获取。

英文摘要:

Hierarchical policies that combine language and low-level control have been shown to perform impressively long-horizon robotic tasks, by leveraging either zero-shot high-level planners like pretrained language and vision-language models (LLMs/VLMs) or models trained on annotated robotic demonstrations. However, for complex and dexterous skills, attaining high success rates on long-horizon tasks still represents a major challenge -- the longer the task is, the more likely it is that some stage will fail. Can humans help the robot to continuously improve its long-horizon task performance through intuitive and natural feedback? In this paper, we make the following observation: high-level policies that index into sufficiently rich and expressive low-level language-conditioned skills can be readily supervised with human feedback in the form of language corrections. We show that even fine-grained corrections, such as small movements ("move a bit to the left"), can be effectively incorporated into high-level policies, and that such corrections can be readily obtained from humans observing the robot and making occasional suggestions. This framework enables robots not only to rapidly adapt to real-time language feedback, but also incorporate this feedback into an iterative training scheme that improves the high-level policy's ability to correct errors in both low-level execution and high-level decision-making purely from verbal feedback. Our evaluation on real hardware shows that this leads to significant performance improvement in long-horizon, dexterous manipulation tasks without the need for any additional teleoperation. Videos and code are available at https://yay-robot.github.io/.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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