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arXiv 2403.09154quant-phcond-mat.stat-mech
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三能级量子奥托发动机中的能隙调制与majorization

Energy-gap modulation and majorization in three-level quantum Otto engine

Sachin Sonkar, Ramandeep S. Johal

AI总结:

本研究探讨三能级量子奥托发动机中能隙调制与majorization关系,发现majorization在能隙收缩时作为运行判据,并提升效率,为量子热机设计提供指导。

摘要:

具有两个能隙的三能级量子系统为量子热机提供了非平凡的工质。我们的关注点在于理解相对于两个给定热库中概率分布的变化,调制这些能隙的能力所受到的约束。可以看出,在准静态极限下,如果在第一个量子绝热阶段至少有一个能隙收缩,则奥托发动机是可行的。我们分析了不同能隙变化下的运行条件,揭示了当两个能隙都收缩时,热库与冷库分布之间的一个明确的majorization关系可作为发动机运行的充分判据。此外,当majorization成立时,奥托效率得到提高。另一方面,当只有一个能隙收缩时,majorization成为必要条件。在一个能隙保持固定的特殊情况下,majorization对于发动机运行既是必要的也是充分的。对于$n$能级系统,我们注意到能隙的明确定义变化与majorization关系一致,从而表征了发动机的运行。

英文摘要:

A three-level quantum system having two energy gaps presents a nontrivial working medium for a quantum heat engine. Our focus lies in understanding the constraints on the ability to modulate these gaps relative to the changes in probability distributions at the two given heat reservoirs. It is seen that an Otto engine in the quasistatic limit is feasible if at least one energy gap shrinks during the first quantum adiabatic stage. We analyze operating conditions under different variations of the gaps, revealing that a definite majorization relation between the hot and cold distributions serves as a sufficient criterion for the engine when both gaps are shrinking. Further, Otto efficiency is enhanced in case majorization holds. On the other hand, majorization becomes a necessary condition when only one of the gaps is shrinking. In the special case where one gap remains fixed, majorization is both necessary and sufficient for engine operation. For an $n$-level system, we note that a well defined change in energy gaps aligns with the majorization relation, thus characterizing the operation of the engine.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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