Several isoperimetric inequalities of Dirichlet and Neumann eigenvalues of the Witten-Laplacian
Ruifeng Chen, Jing Mao
备注：
33 pages. Some revisions to v2. By the way, a slightly different version will appear in Journal of Spectral Theory. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2403.08070
In this paper, by mainly using the rearrangement technique and suitably constructing trial functions, under the constraint of fixed weighted volume, we can successfully obtain several isoperimetric inequalities for the first and the second Dirichlet eigenvalues, the first nonzero Neumann eigenvalue of the Witten-Laplacian on bounded domains in space forms. These spectral isoperimetric inequalities extend those classical ones (i.e. the Faber-Krahn inequality, the Hong-Krahn-Szegő inequality and the Szegő-Weinberger inequality) of the Laplacian.
We prove an sharp anisotropic isoperimetric inequality for a domain outside an Euclidean ball in $\mathbb{R}^n$ for $n\geq 2$. The proof applies the ABP method to a Neumann boundary value problem.
} In this article, we put forward a Neumann eigenvalue problem for the bi-harmonic operator $Δ^2$ on a bounded smooth domain $\Om$ in the Euclidean $n$-space ${\bf R}^n$ ($n\ge2$) and then prove that the corresponding first non-zero eigenvalue $Υ_1(\Om)$ admits the isoperimetric inequality of Szegö-Weinberger type: $Υ_1(\Om)\le Υ_1(B_{\Om})$, where $B_{\Om}$ is a ball in ${\bf R}^n$ with the same volume of $\Om$. The isoperimetric inequality of Szegö-Weinberger type for the first nonzero Neumann eigenvalue of the even-multi-Laplacian operators $Δ^{2m}$ ($m\ge1$) on $\Om$ is also exploited.
Inequalities between the Dirichlet and Neumann eigenvalues of the Laplacian have received much attention in the literature, but open problems abound. Here, we study the number of Neumann eigenvalues no greater than the first Dirichlet eigenvalue. Based on a combination of analytical and numerical results, we conjecture that this number is controlled by the isoperimetric ratio of the domain. This has applications to the nodal deficiency of eigenfunctions and is closely related to a long-standing conjecture of Yau on the Hausdorff measure of nodal sets.
We provide isoperimetric Szegö-Weinberger type inequalities for the first nontrivial Neumann eigenvalue $μ_{1}(Ω)$ in Gauss space, where $Ω$ is a possibly unbounded domain of $\mathbb{R}^{N}$. Our main result consists in showing that among all sets of $\mathbb{R}^{N}$ symmetric about the origin, having prescribed Gaussian measure, $μ_{1}(Ω)$ is maximum if and only if $Ω$ is the euclidean ball centered at the origin.
We discuss isoperimetric inequalities for the magnetic Laplacian on bounded domains of $\mathbb R^2$ endowed with an Aharonov-Bohm potential. When the flux of the potential around the pole is not an integer, the lowest eigenvalue for the Neumann and the Steklov problems is positive. We establish isoperimetric inequalitites for the lowest eigenvalue in the spirit of the classical inequalities of Szegö-Weinberger, Brock and Weinstock, the model domain being a disk with the pole at its center. We consider more generally domains in the plane endowed with a rotationally invariant metric, which incl…
An isoperimetric inequality for Neumann eigenvalues with radial log-concave measures
College of informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University（华中农业大学信息学院）；School of Mathematical Sciences, Soochow University（苏州大学数学科学学院）；School of Mathematics and Statistics, Wuhan University（武汉大学数学与统计学院）
We prove some old and new isoperimetric inequalities with the best constant using the ABP method applied to an appropriate linear Neumann problem. More precisely, we obtain a new family of sharp isoperimetric inequalities with weights (also called densities) in open convex cones of $\mathbb{R}^n$. Our result applies to all nonnegative homogeneous weights satisfying a concavity condition in the cone. Remarkably, Euclidean balls centered at the origin (intersected with the cone) minimize the weighted isoperimetric quotient, even if all our weights are nonradial ---except for the constant ones. W…
Here we prove an isoperimetric inequality for the harmonic mean of the first $N-1$ non-trivial Neumann eigenvalues of the Laplace-Beltrami operator for domains contained in a hemisphere of $\mathbb{S}^N$.
In this paper we prove a sharp lower bound for the first nontrivial Neumann eigenvalue $μ_1(Ω)$ for the $p$-Laplace operator in a Lipschitz, bounded domain $Ω$ in $\R^n$. Our estimate does not require any convexity assumption on $Ω$ and it involves the best isoperimetric constant relative to $Ω$.
In this paper, we prove an isoperimetric inequality for lower order eigenvalues of the free membrane problem on bounded domains of a Euclidean space or a hyperbolic space which strengthens the well-known Szegö-Weinberger inequality and supports strongly an important conjecture of Ashbaugh-Benguria.
We study a new link between the Steklov and Neumann eigenvalues of domains in Euclidean space. This is obtained through an homogenisation limit of the Steklov problem on a periodically perforated domain, converging to a family of eigenvalue problems with dynamical boundary conditions. For this problem, the spectral parameter appears both in the interior of the domain and on its boundary. This intermediary problem interpolates between Steklov and Neumann eigenvalues of the domain. As a corollary, we recover some isoperimetric type bounds for Neumann eigenvalues from known isoperimetric bounds f…
This paper deals with weighted isoperimetric inequalities relative to cones of $\mathbb{R}^{N}$. We study the structure of measures that admit as isoperimetric sets the intersection of a cone with balls centered at the vertex of the cone. For instance, in case that the cone is the half-space $\mathbb{R}_{+}^{N}={x \in \mathbb{R}^{N} : x_{N}>0}$ and the measure is factorized, we prove that this phenomenon occurs if and only if the measure has the form $dμ=ax_{N}^{k}\exp(c|x|^{2})dx $, for some $a>0$, $k,c\geq 0$. Our results are then used to obtain isoperimetric estimates for Neumann eigenvalue…
In this paper, we derive from the supersymmetry of the Witten Laplacian Brascamp-Lieb's type inequalities for general differential forms on compact Riemannian manifolds with boundary. In addition to the supersymmetry, our results essentially follow from suitable decompositions of the quadratic forms associated with the Neumann and Dirichlet self-adjoint realizations of the Witten Laplacian. They moreover imply the usual Brascamp-Lieb's inequality and its generalization to compact Riemannian manifolds without boundary.
We consider the problem of geometric optimization of the lowest eigenvalue for the Laplacian on a compact, simply-connected two-dimensional manifold with boundary subject to an attractive Robin boundary condition. We prove that in the sub-class of manifolds with the Gauss curvature bounded from above by a constant $K_\circ \ge 0$ and under the constraint of fixed perimeter, the geodesic disk of constant curvature $K_\circ$ maximizes the lowest Robin eigenvalue. In the same geometric setting, it is proved that the spectral isoperimetric inequality holds for the lowest eigenvalue of the Dirichle…
We develop criteria based on a calibration argument via discrete PDE and semidiscrete optimal transport, for finding sharp isoperimetric inequalities of the form $(\sharp Ω)^{d-1} \le C (\sharp \overrightarrow{\partialΩ})^d$ where $Ω$ is a subset of vertices of a graph and $\overrightarrow{\partialΩ}$ is the oriented edge-boundary of $Ω$, as well as the optimum isoperimetric shapes $Ω$. The method is a discrete counterpart to Optimal Transport and ABP method proofs valid in the continuum, and answers a question appearing in Hamamuki \cite{hamamuki}, extending that work valid for rectangular gr…
In a recent paper, Belishev and Sharafutdinov consider a compact Riemannian manifold $M$ with boundary $\partial M$. They define a generalized Dirichlet to Neumann (DN) operator $Λ$ on all forms on the boundary and they prove that the real additive de Rham cohomology structure of the manifold in question is completely determined by $Λ$. This shows that the DN map $Λ$ inscribes into the list of objects of algebraic topology. In this paper, we suppose $G$ is a torus acting by isometries on $M$. Given $X$ in the Lie algebra of $G$ and the corresponding vector field $X_M$ on $M$, one defines Witte…
