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arXiv 2403.04845quant-ph
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热操作的催化变换

Catalytic transformations for thermal operations

Jakub Czartowski, A. de Oliveira Junior

AI总结:

研究在能量守恒相互作用下使用催化剂辅助量子系统能量非相干态热力学变换的基本极限与优势,推导了可催化未来与过去的上界、催化剂维度的下界,并量化了其在生成纠缠和冷却任务中的催化优势。

摘要:

使用催化剂辅助量子系统间的热力学变换,其基本极限和优势是什么?在本工作中,我们通过聚焦于在系统、催化剂和热环境之间最一般的能量守恒相互作用下的能量非相干态之间的变换来回答这个问题。唯一的约束是催化剂必须返回未受扰动且与其他子系统不相关的状态。更准确地说,我们首先上界给定初始态在严格催化剂的帮助下可以热力学演化到的状态集合(可催化未来)或可以从中演化的状态集合(可催化过去)。其次,我们推导了热过程中催化剂存在所需维度的下界,以及催化剂状态准备的下界。最后,我们以可催化未来的体积量化催化优势,并展示了其在使用热资源生成纠缠和冷却量子系统的示例任务中的效用。

英文摘要:

What are the fundamental limits and advantages of using a catalyst to aid thermodynamic transformations between quantum systems? In this work, we answer this question by focusing on transformations between energy-incoherent states under the most general energy-conserving interactions among the system, the catalyst, and a thermal environment. The sole constraint is that the catalyst must return unperturbed and uncorrelated with the other subsystems. More precisely, we first upper bound the set of states to which a given initial state can thermodynamically evolve (the catalysable future) or from which it can evolve (the catalysable past) with the help of a strict catalyst. Secondly, we derive lower bounds on the dimensionality required for the existence of catalysts under thermal process, along with bounds on the catalyst's state preparation. Finally, we quantify the catalytic advantage in terms of the volume of the catalysable future and demonstrate its utility in an exemplary task of generating entanglement and cooling a quantum system using thermal resources.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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