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arXiv 2403.01477stat.ME
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两阶段拒绝抽样及其渐近性质

Two-phase rejective sampling and its asymptotic properties

Shu Yang, Peng Ding

AI总结:

针对辅助信息不可用的情形,论文提出两阶段拒绝抽样 TPRS,证明其可提升双重扩张估计量效率,并推广至多阶段及一般估计方程参数。

摘要:

当有限总体中存在可用的辅助信息时,拒绝抽样能够提高单阶段抽样的设计与估计效率。当此类辅助信息不可用时,我们提出使用两阶段拒绝抽样(TPRS):该方法首先在第一阶段为样本单元测量辅助变量,随后在第二阶段针对结果实施拒绝抽样。我们研究了 TPRS 下双重扩张估计量和回归估计量的渐近设计性质。结果表明,TPRS 提高了双重扩张估计量的效率,使其可与回归估计量相媲美。我们进一步改进该设计,以适应协变量重要性的差异,并将其扩展到多阶段抽样。我们首先建立总体均值的理论,然后将理论推广到由一般估计方程定义的参数。我们关于 TPRS 的渐近结果可直接涵盖现有的单阶段拒绝抽样,而后者的渐近理论此前尚未得到完整建立。

英文摘要:

Rejective sampling improves design and estimation efficiency of single-phase sampling when auxiliary information in a finite population is available. When such auxiliary information is unavailable, we propose to use two-phase rejective sampling (TPRS), which involves measuring auxiliary variables for the sample of units in the first phase, followed by the implementation of rejective sampling for the outcome in the second phase. We explore the asymptotic design properties of double expansion and regression estimators under TPRS. We show that TPRS enhances the efficiency of the double expansion estimator, rendering it comparable to a regression estimator. We further refine the design to accommodate varying importance of covariates and extend it to multi-phase sampling. We start with the theory for the population mean and then extend the theory to parameters defined by general estimating equations. Our asymptotic results for TPRS immediately cover the existing single-phase rejective sampling, under which the asymptotic theory has not been fully established.

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