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arXiv 0912.3891stat.MEstat.AP
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函数型数据的Horvitz-Thompson估计:分层抽样的渐近置信带和最优分配

Horvitz-Thompson estimators for functional data: asymptotic confidence bands and optimal allocation for stratified sampling

Hervé Cardot, Etienne Josserand

摘要:

当处理非常大的函数数据集时,调查抽样方法是有用的,以便获得简单函数量的估计值,而不必存储所有数据。我们在这里提出一个霍维茨-汤普森估计的平均轨迹。在超总体框架的背景下,我们证明在温和的正则条件下,我们获得了均值函数及其方差函数的一致相合估计量。通过对抽样设计的额外假设,我们陈述了一个功能性的中心极限定理,并推导出渐近置信带。详细研究了分层抽样问题,得到了考虑均值方差准则的最优分配规则的函数形式。这些技术通过N=18902个电表的测试群体来说明,对于这些电表,我们在一周内每30分钟测量一次个人用电量。我们表明,分层可以大大提高估计的准确性和减少的宽度相比,简单随机抽样没有更换的全球置信带。

英文摘要:

When dealing with very large datasets of functional data, survey sampling approaches are useful in order to obtain estimators of simple functional quantities, without being obliged to store all the data. We propose here a Horvitz--Thompson estimator of the mean trajectory. In the context of a superpopulation framework, we prove under mild regularity conditions that we obtain uniformly consistent estimators of the mean function and of its variance function. With additional assumptions on the sampling design we state a functional Central Limit Theorem and deduce asymptotic confidence bands. Stratified sampling is studied in detail, and we also obtain a functional version of the usual optimal allocation rule considering a mean variance criterion. These techniques are illustrated by means of a test population of N=18902 electricity meters for which we have individual electricity consumption measures every 30 minutes over one week. We show that stratification can substantially improve both the accuracy of the estimators and reduce the width of the global confidence bands compared to simple random sampling without replacement.

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