众筹平台动态的互激点过程
Mutually Exciting Point Processes for Crowdfunding Platform Dynamics
AI总结:
本文扩展Hawkes过程,融合自激基线率、优先连接互激和幂律兴趣衰减,建模众筹平台用户贡献动态,并基于两个捐赠型平台的大规模数据识别贡献瓶颈、量化项目流行度影响,为平台动态监控与推荐提供机制性基础。
摘要:
众筹是个人或组织向广大受众寻求资金支持的有力工具。尽管众筹已被广泛采用,但管理者往往缺乏关于其平台动态的信息。Hawkes过程已被用于表示各种实证领域中的自激行为,但尚未以一种能够帮助管理者理解用户与平台互动动态的方式应用于众筹平台。在本文中,我们扩展了Hawkes过程以捕捉众筹平台贡献的重要特征,并将该模型应用于分析来自两个捐赠型平台的数据。对于每个用户-项目对,连续时间条件强度被建模为自激基线率与由优先连接驱动的互激的叠加,两者均依赖于先前的用户参与,并通过用户兴趣的幂律衰减进行削弱。因此,该模型围绕两个时变特征构建——贡献数量和项目流行度。我们估计了来自2,000个项目和164,000名用户在数年间的贡献动态的支配参数。我们识别了用户贡献流程中的瓶颈,测量了项目流行度的作用力,并刻画了用户兴趣随时间的衰减特征。我们引入了一种传染效应来评估项目流行度对贡献率的影响。这一机制性模型为基于反事实情景评估和动态感知推荐而增强的众筹平台监控奠定了基础。
英文摘要:
Crowdfunding is a powerful tool for individuals or organizations seeking financial support from a vast audience. Despite widespread adoption, managers often lack information about dynamics of their platforms. Hawkes processes have been used to represent self-exciting behavior in a wide variety of empirical fields, but have not been applied to crowdfunding platforms in a way that could help managers understand the dynamics of users' engagement with the platform. In this paper, we extend the Hawkes process to capture important features of crowdfunding platform contributions and apply the model to analyze data from two donation-based platforms. For each user-item pair, the continuous-time conditional intensity is modeled as the superposition of a self-exciting baseline rate and a mutual excitation by preferential attachment, both depending on prior user engagement, and attenuated by a power law decay of user interest. The model is thus structured around two time-varying features -- contribution count and item popularity. We estimate parameters that govern the dynamics of contributions from 2,000 items and 164,000 users over several years. We identify a bottleneck in the user contribution pipeline, measure the force of item popularity, and characterize the decline in user interest over time. A contagion effect is introduced to assess the effect of item popularity on contribution rates. This mechanistic model lays the groundwork for enhanced crowdfunding platform monitoring based on evaluation of counterfactual scenarios and formulation of dynamics-aware recommendations.
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