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arXiv 2402.14895cs.CLcs.AIcs.LG
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有限数据场景下数据增强的评估方案研究

On Evaluation Protocols for Data Augmentation in a Limited Data Scenario

Université de Montréal(蒙特利尔大学)

Frédéric Piedboeuf, Philippe Langlais

AI总结:

本研究质疑经典文本数据增强在小数据场景下的有效性,指出其本质是优化微调的方式,微调更充分时效果会抵消,并证实基于大模型对话智能体的零/少样本数据增强性能更优。

摘要:

文本数据增强(DA)是一个成果丰硕的研究领域,学界不断提出生成人工数据的新技术,且该技术已被证实在小数据场景下效率显著,至少在文本分类任务中如此。本文对这些结论提出质疑,研究表明,经典的(对句子进行修改的)数据增强本质上只是一种优化微调的方式;若在应用数据增强前投入更多时间进行微调,数据增强的效果便会被抵消。这是一项重要贡献,解答了近年来遗留的若干问题:哪种DA技术表现最佳(所有技术只要生成的数据与训练集足够接近、不损害训练即可),以及DA为何能展现出积极效果(它能促进网络训练)。我们进一步证实,借助ChatGPT、LLama2等对话式智能体实现的零样本与少样本DA能够提升性能,表明这种数据增强形式优于经典方法。

英文摘要:

Textual data augmentation (DA) is a prolific field of study where novel techniques to create artificial data are regularly proposed, and that has demonstrated great efficiency on small data settings, at least for text classification tasks. In this paper, we challenge those results, showing that classical data augmentation (which modify sentences) is simply a way of performing better fine-tuning, and that spending more time doing so before applying data augmentation negates its effect. This is a significant contribution as it answers several questions that were left open in recent years, namely~: which DA technique performs best (all of them as long as they generate data close enough to the training set, as to not impair training) and why did DA show positive results (facilitates training of network). We further show that zero- and few-shot DA via conversational agents such as ChatGPT or LLama2 can increase performances, confirming that this form of data augmentation is preferable to classical methods.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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