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arXiv 2402.13482cs.CLcs.AIcs.LG
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面向低资源领域任务的检索增强数据增强

Retrieval-Augmented Data Augmentation for Low-Resource Domain Tasks

KAIST(韩国科学技术院)

Minju Seo, Jinheon Baek, James Thorne, Sung Ju Hwang

AI总结:

针对低资源场景下数据增强种子样本少、生成数据多样性不足的问题,提出检索增强数据增强框架RADA,通过检索其他数据集相关实例并结合LLM生成更相关且多样的合成数据,在多个数据集上超越现有基线。

摘要:

尽管近期语言模型在多样化任务上取得了巨大成功,但在可用训练数据有限的低资源场景下,它们仍会遭受严重的性能退化。许多现有工作通过从训练数据生成合成数据、再用这些数据训练模型来应对该问题,近期多采用大型语言模型(LLMs)。然而,在低资源场景下,用于数据增强的种子数据样本量非常少,这使得生成的样本不够理想且多样性不足。为应对这一挑战,我们提出了一种新方法,通过引入来自其他数据集的大量示例以及给定的训练数据来增强训练数据。具体而言,我们首先根据其他数据集中的相关实例(例如其输入-输出对或上下文)与给定种子数据的相似性进行检索,然后提示LLMs利用原始样本和检索样本内部及跨样本的上下文信息生成新样本。该方法可以确保生成的数据不仅相关,而且比仅使用有限种子数据所能实现的数据更具多样性。我们在低资源训练和测试时数据增强场景下的多个数据集上验证了所提出的检索增强数据增强(RADA)框架,结果表明其性能优于现有的基于LLM的数据增强基线。

英文摘要:

Despite large successes of recent language models on diverse tasks, they suffer from severe performance degeneration in low-resource settings with limited training data available. Many existing works tackle this problem by generating synthetic data from the training data and then training models on them, recently using Large Language Models (LLMs). However, in low-resource settings, the amount of seed data samples to use for data augmentation is very small, which makes generated samples suboptimal and less diverse. To tackle this challenge, we propose a novel method that augments training data by incorporating a wealth of examples from other datasets, along with the given training data. Specifically, we first retrieve the relevant instances from other datasets, such as their input-output pairs or contexts, based on their similarities with the given seed data, and then prompt LLMs to generate new samples with the contextual information within and across the original and retrieved samples. This approach can ensure that the generated data is not only relevant but also more diverse than what could be achieved using the limited seed data alone. We validate our proposed Retrieval-Augmented Data Augmentation (RADA) framework on multiple datasets under low-resource settings of training and test-time data augmentation scenarios, on which it outperforms existing LLM-powered data augmentation baselines.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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