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arXiv 2402.12438astro-ph.SRastro-ph.HE
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探究化学均一演化通道及其在形成神秘双黑洞前身星候选体 HD 5980 中的作用

Investigating the Chemically Homogeneous Evolution Channel and its Role in the Formation of the Enigmatic Binary Black Hole Progenitor Candidate HD 5980

K. Sharpe, L. A. C. van Son, S. E. de Mink, R. Farmer, P. Marchant, G. Koenigsberger

AI总结:

本研究通过 MESA 模拟和贝叶斯方法验证大质量双星 HD 5980 A&B 起源于化学均一演化通道,发现其初始质量极高且伴随增强的质量损失,并预测该系统最终将产生双黑洞,或在层级多重系统伴星作用下成为引力波源。

摘要:

化学均一演化(CHE)是形成大质量双黑洞的一条有前景的通道。神秘的、大质量的沃尔夫-拉叶(WR)双星 HD 5980 A&B 被认为通过该通道形成。我们通过将其观测参数与 CHE 模型进行比较来调查这一主张。使用 MESA,我们模拟了密近大质量双星网格,然后使用贝叶斯方法将它们与恒星观测到的轨道周期、质量、光度和氢表面丰度进行比较。给定观测数据,最可能的模型初始周期约为 3 天,由于质量损失而扩大到当今约 20 天的轨道——相应地,它们具有非常高的初始恒星质量($\gtrsim$150 M$_\odot$)。我们探索了恒星风质量损失和内部混合效率的变化,发现假设增强质量损失的模型在解释 HD 5980 时极受青睐,而增强混合仅比我们的基准假设略受青睐。我们最可能的模型略微低估了氢表面丰度。无论其先前历史如何,该系统都可能是双黑洞前身星。我们在基准和增强风假设下对其进一步演化进行建模,发现两颗恒星都产生质量约为 19-37 M$_\odot$ 的黑洞。投影的最终轨道太宽,无法仅通过引力波在哈勃时间内合并。然而,该系统被认为是 2+2 层级多重系统的一部分。我们推测与(可能的)第三和第四伴星的长期效应可能驱动该系统迅速成为引力波源。

英文摘要:

Chemically homogeneous evolution (CHE) is a promising channel for forming massive binary black holes. The enigmatic, massive Wolf-Rayet (WR) binary HD 5980 A&B has been proposed to have formed through this channel. We investigate this claim by comparing its observed parameters with CHE models. Using MESA, we simulate grids of close massive binaries then use a Bayesian approach to compare them with the stars' observed orbital period, masses, luminosities, and hydrogen surface abundances. The most probable models, given the observational data, have initial periods ~3 days, widening to the present-day ~20 day orbit as a result of mass loss -- correspondingly, they have very high initial stellar masses ($\gtrsim$150 M$_\odot$). We explore variations in stellar wind-mass loss and internal mixing efficiency, and find that models assuming enhanced mass-loss are greatly favored to explain HD 5980, while enhanced mixing is only slightly favoured over our fiducial assumptions. Our most probable models slightly underpredict the hydrogen surface abundances. Regardless of its prior history, this system is a likely binary black hole progenitor. We model its further evolution under our fiducial and enhanced wind assumptions, finding that both stars produce black holes with masses ~19-37 M$_\odot$. The projected final orbit is too wide to merge within a Hubble time through gravitational waves alone. However, the system is thought to be part of a 2+2 hierarchical multiple. We speculate that secular effects with the (possible) third and fourth companions may drive the system to promptly become a gravitational-wave source.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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