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arXiv 2402.05053quant-ph
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多量子比特Toffoli门的最优资源量子电路

Quantum circuit for multi-qubit Toffoli gate with optimal resource

Junhong Nie, Wei Zi, Xiaoming Sun

AI总结:

本文提出仅需一个辅助量子比特、深度O(log n)且大小O(n)的多量子比特Toffoli门电路,并证明无辅助时需指数精度门,凸显辅助量子比特的计算优势。

摘要:

资源消耗是量子信息处理中的一个重要问题,尤其是在当前的NISQ(含噪声中等规模量子)时代。本文研究了实现多重受控操作(量子计算和量子模拟领域的基本构建模块)的资源优化问题。我们设计了新的量子电路来实现$n$-Toffoli门和一般的多受控酉操作,这些电路仅具有$O(\log n)$深度和$O(n)$大小,且仅需要$1$个辅助量子比特。为实现这些结果,我们探索了辅助量子比特的潜力,并发现了一种从现有辅助量子比特中创建新的条件干净量子比特的方法。这些技术还可用于构建高效的增量器量子电路,从而在没有辅助量子比特的情况下实现深度为$O(\log^2 n)$、大小为$O(n)$的多量子比特Toffoli门。此外,我们从资源理论的角度探索了辅助量子比特的能力。我们证明,在没有辅助量子比特帮助的情况下,任何多量子比特Toffoli门的量子电路实现都必须使用指数精度的门。这一发现表明,使用和不使用辅助量子比特的量子电路在计算能力上存在显著差异。此外,我们还讨论了量子电路设计中辅助量子比特与额外能级能力的比较。

英文摘要:

Resource consumption is an important issue in quantum information processing, particularly during the present NISQ era. In this paper, we investigate resource optimization of implementing multiple controlled operations, which are fundamental building blocks in the field of quantum computing and quantum simulation. We design new quantum circuits for the $n$-Toffoli gate and general multi-controlled unitary, which have only $O(\log n)$-depth and $O(n)$-size, and only require $1$ ancillary qubit. To achieve these results, we explore the potential of ancillary qubits and discover a method to create new conditional clean qubits from existed ancillary qubits. These techniques can also be utilized to construct an efficient quantum circuit for incrementor, leading to an implementation of multi-qubit Toffoli gate with a depth of $O(\log^2n)$ and size of $O(n)$ without any ancillary qubits. Furthermore, we explore the power of ancillary qubits from the perspective of resource theory. We demonstrate that without the assistance of ancillary qubit, any quantum circuit implementation of multi-qubit Toffoli gate must employ exponential precision gates. This finding indicates a significant disparity in computational power of quantum circuits between using and not using ancillary qubits. Additionally, we discuss the comparison of the power of ancillary qubits and extra energy levels in quantum circuit design.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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