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arXiv 2402.04443astro-ph.SRastro-ph.HE
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J0526+5934:一颗特殊的超短周期双白矮星

J0526+5934: a peculiar ultra-short period double white dwarf

Alberto Rebassa-Mansergas, Mark Hollands, Steven G. Parsons, Leandro G. Althaus, Ingrid Pelisoli, Puji Irawati, Roberto Raddi, Maria E. Camisassa, Santiago Torres

AI总结:

本研究结合光学光谱、时序测光与低质量白矮星演化模型,证明J0526+5934的可见主星更可能是极低质量白矮星,并确认其为已知第五个超短周期分离双白矮星。

摘要:

超短周期致密双星是重要的引力波源,其中包括例如Ia型超新星的前身星,或可能导致形成大质量且具磁性的单白矮星的并合事件前身星。J0526+5934是一颗未分辨的致密双星,轨道周期为20.5分钟,属于这一类别。近期有研究声称J0526+5934的可见子星是一颗热亚矮星,并带有一颗CO白矮星伴星。我们的目标是提供有力的观测与理论证据,表明其主星实际上是一颗极低质量白矮星,尽管热亚矮星的性质尚不能被完全排除。我们分析了J0526+5934可见子星的光学光谱与时序测光,以约束其轨道参数和恒星参数。我们还采用低质量白矮星的演化序列,独立推导主星质量。通过对观测数据的分析,我们得到J0526+5934主星的恒星质量为0.26±0.05 Msun,这与我们从理论演化模型得出的0.237±0.035 Msun独立测量结果完全吻合。该数值显著低于热亚矮星在理论上预期且通常观测到的质量范围,但完全处于极低质量白矮星的质量限值范围内。我们得出结论:J0526+5934是目前已知的第五个超短周期分离双白矮星系统。

英文摘要:

Ultra-short period compact binaries are important sources of gravitational waves, which include e.g. the progenitors of type Ia supernovae or the progenitors of merger episodes that may lead to massive and magnetic single white dwarfs. J0526+5934 is an unresolved compact binary star with an orbital period of 20.5 minutes that belongs to this category. The visible component of J0526+5934 has been recently claimed to be a hot sub-dwarf star with a CO white dwarf companion. Our aim is to provide strong observational plus theoretical evidence that the primary star is rather an extremely-low mass white dwarf, although the hot subdwarf nature cannot be completely ruled out. We analyse optical spectra together with time-series photometry of the visible component of J0526+5934 to constrain its orbital and stellar parameters. We also employ evolutionary sequences for low-mass white dwarfs to derive independent values of the primary mass. From the analysis of our observational data, we find a stellar mass for the primary star in J0526+5934 of 0.26+-0.05 Msun, which perfectly matches the 0.237+-0.035 Msun independent measurement we derived from the theoretical evolutionary models. This value is considerably lower than the theoretically expected and generally observed mass range of hot subdwarf stars, but falls well within the mass limit values of extremely low-mass white dwarfs. We conclude J0526+5934 is the fifth ultra-short period detached double white dwarf currently known.

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