近期实验[R. Nakajima等人，Nature 613, 479 (2023)]报道，在手性结构超导体中施加交变电流时会产生一对极化方向相反的自旋。然而，这些行为无法用传统的Edelstein效应解释，需要新的机制。在这篇快报中，我们基于Bogoliubov de Gennes方程和Boltzmann方程，提出了手性结构超导体中由外电场下的手性声子产生自旋流的机制。在我们的机制中，由于反演对称性破缺和电子-声子相互作用，电场会诱导产生手性声子。这些手性声子起到有效Zeeman场的作用，从而使超导体中的Bogoliubov准粒子发生自旋极化。结果是，准粒子携带的自旋流沿螺旋轴流动，且在低场范围内与电场呈二次方依赖关系，进而产生非互易自旋输运。该自旋流还表现出非单调的温度依赖性，在超导转变温度附近达到最大值。
英文摘要：
The recent experiment [R. Nakajima, et al., Nature 613, 479 (2023)] has reported a pair of oppositely polarized spins under an alternating electric current in a superconductor with a chiral structure. However, these behaviors cannot be explained by the conventional Edelstein effect and require a new mechanism. In this Letter, we propose a mechanism of spin current generation under an external electric field due to chiral phonons in a chiral-structure superconductor based on the Bogoliubov de Gennes and the Boltzmann equations. In our mechanism, chiral phonons are induced by electric field due to inversion symmetry breaking and electron-phonon interaction. They work as an effective Zeeman field and hence spin-polarize Bogoliubov quasiparticles in the superconductor. As a result, the spin current carried by quasiparticles flows along the screw axis and shows a quadratic dependence on the electric field at the low-field range, leading to a nonreciprocal spin transport. The spin current also shows a nonmonotonic temperature dependence and has a maximum at around the superconducting transition temperature.
Superconducting diode effect in magnetic superconductors realized by nonreciprocal domain-wall dynamics
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology（韩国科学技术院）；University of Seoul（首尔大学）；Korea Institute for Advanced Study（韩国高等研究院）；University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign（伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校）；Texas A&M University（德克萨斯农工大学）；University of Texas at Austin（德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校）
Drift-Induced Nonreciprocal Hyperbolic Polaritons in Graphene/$α$-MoO$_3$ Heterostructures
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid（马德里理工大学）；Instituto de Sistemas Optoelectrónicos y Microtecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid（马德里理工大学光电子与微技术研究所）；Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, E.T.S.I de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid（马德里理工大学电信工程学院电子工程系）
Revealing Hidden Unconventional Pairing through Nonreciprocal Transport
International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University（北京大学物理学院量子材料科学中心）；Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences（北京量子信息科学研究院）；Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学物理系）；Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo（东京大学物理学系）；CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院理论物理研究所理论物理国家重点实验室）；School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University（苏州大学物理科学与技术学院）；Institute for Advanced Study, Soochow University（苏州大学未来技术学院）；Interdisciplinary Center for Theoretical Physics and Information Sciences, Fudan University（复旦大学理论物理与信息科学交叉研究中心）；Hefei National Laboratory（合肥国家实验室）
From stacking to function: emergent states and quantum devices in 2D superconductor heterostructures
Institute of Brain-Inspired Intelligence, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University（南京大学脑启发智能研究所、固体微结构物理国家重点实验室、物理学院、先进微结构协同创新中心）；Jiangsu Physical Science Research Center（江苏省物理科学研究中心）；Institute of Interdisciplinary Physical Sciences, School of Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology（南京理工大学理学院交叉物理科学研究院）
Supercurrent Diode Effect in Josephson Interferometers with Multiband Superconductors
CNR-SPIN（意大利国家研究委员会自旋物理学研究所）；Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung IFW-Dresden（德累斯顿勒布尼兹固体与材料研究所凝聚态物理理论研究所）；Istituto Lombardo “Accademia di Scienze e Lettere”（伦巴第科学院）；NEST Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore（意大利国家研究委员会纳米科学研究所与比萨高等师范学院）；Universitá di Salerno（萨莱诺大学）
