Heisenberg homology of ribbon graphs
Christian Blanchet
本文将海森堡同调从一次有界曲面的构型空间推广到带 ribbon 结构的有限图的规则加厚，扩展了原有理论框架。
我们回顾了一次有界曲面中构型空间的海森堡同调，并将该构造推广到具有 ribbon 结构的有限图的规则加厚。
We review Heisenberg homology of configurations in once bounded surfaces and extend the construction to the regular thickening of a finite graph with ribbon structure.
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We make use of link Floer homology to study cobordisms between links embedded in 4-dimensional ribbon homology cobordisms. Combining results of Daemi--Lidman--Vela-Vick--Wong and Zemke, we show that ribbon homology concordances induce split injections on $\mathcal{HFL}^-$. We also make use of the torsion submodule of $\text{HFL}^-$ to give restrictions on the number of critical points in ribbon homology concordances.
We prove a lower bound on the ribbon distance via Bar-Natan Homology. This lower bound agrees with Alishahi's lower bound on the unknotting number via Bar-Natan Homology, which furthers a pattern first observed by Sarkar: Sarkar's lower bound on the ribbon distance via Lee Homology agreed with Alishahi and Dowlin's lower bound on the unknotting number via Lee Homology. We also prove a lower bound on the ribbon distance via $α$-homology, a variant of Khovanov homology defined recently by Khovanov and Robert.
We prove that the map on knot Floer homology induced by a strongly homotopy-ribbon concordance is injective.
We show that a ribbon concordance between two links induces an injective map on Khovanov homology.
We prove that the map on knot Floer homology induced by a ribbon concordance is injective. As a consequence, we prove that the Seifert genus is monotonic under ribbon concordance. We also generalize a theorem of Gabai about the super-additivity of the Seifert genus under band connected sum. Our result gives evidence for a conjecture of Gordon that ribbon concordance is a partial order on the set of knots.
We study a notion of distance between knots, defined in terms of the number of saddles in ribbon concordances connecting the knots. We construct a lower bound on this distance using the X-action on Lee's perturbation of Khovanov homology.
It was recently proved by several authors that ribbon concordances induce injective maps in knot Floer homology, Khovanov homology, and the Heegaard Floer homology of the branched double cover. We give a simple proof of a similar statement in a more general setting, which includes knot Floer homology, Khovanov-Rozansky homologies, and all conic strong Khovanov-Floer theories. This gives a philosophical answer to the question of which aspects of a link TQFT make it injective under ribbon concordances.
This paper gives a new obstruction for ribbon-move equivalence of 2-knots. Let $K$ and $K'$ be 2-knots. Let $K$ and $K'$ are ribbon-move equivalent. One corollary to our main theorem is as follows. A 2-dimensional fibered knot whose fiber is the punctured 3-dimensional torus is not ribbon-move equivalent to any 2-dimensional knot whose Seifert hypersurface is a punctured homology sphere.
Rational homology ribbon cobordism is a partial order
本文利用 Ian Agol 证明带形纽结同痕为偏序的方法，证明了在不可约三维流形类中带形有理同调配边也是一个偏序。
Rational Homology Ribbon Cobordism is a Partial Order
本文证明了有理同调带状配边在闭连通定向3流形的同胚类上定义了一个偏序关系。
We study 4-dimensional homology cobordisms without 3-handles, showing that they interact nicely with Thurston geometries, character varieties, and instanton and Heegaard Floer homologies. Using these, we derive obstructions to such cobordisms. As one example of these obstructions, we generalize other recent results on the behavior of knot Floer homology under ribbon concordances. Finally, we provide topological applications, including to Dehn surgery problems.
Twisted Alexander Polynomials, Ribbon Homology Cobordisms, and the Thurston Norm
本文利用扭转亚历山大多项式证明，若存在从Y_-到Y_+的绳索同调柄结构且Y_-不可约，则Y_-的图松规范单位球包含Y_+的。同时证明Y_+的纤维类对应于Y_-的。
We introduce Khovanov homology for ribbon graphs and show that the Khovanov homology of a certain ribbon graph embedded on the Turaev surface of a link is isomorphic to the Khovanov homology of the link (after a grading shift). We also present a spanning quasi-tree model for the Khovanov homology of a ribbon graph.
A module structure on odd Khovanov homology and the odd invariant for ribbon 2-knots
证明链环\(L\)的约化奇数霍万诺夫同调自然是其分支双覆盖的第一同调的外代数上的模，从几何角度描述该模结构并与链环协边诱导的奇数霍万诺夫映射相关，还给出相关组合证明。
For a ribbon knot, it is a folk conjecture that the rank of its knot Floer homology must be 1 modulo 8, and another folk conjecture says the same about reduced Khovanov homology. We give the first counter-examples to both of these folk conjectures, but at the same time present compelling evidence for new conjectures that either of these homologies must have rank congruent to 1 modulo 4 for any ribbon knot. We prove that each revised conjecture is equivalent to showing that taking the rank of the homology modulo 4 gives a homomorphism of the knot concordance group. We check the revised conjectu…
Kanenobu has given infinite families of knots with the same HOMFLY polynomials. We show that these knots also have the same sl(n) and HOMFLY homologies, thus giving the first example of an infinite family of knots undistinguishable by these invariants. This is a consequence of a structure theorem about the homologies of knots obtained by twisting up the ribbon of a ribbon knot with one ribbon.
Obstruction to Equivariant Ribbon Concordance
本文研究周期链环的等变 Khovanov 同调，证明其在等变配边下具函子性，并指出等变带状和谐诱导分裂单射，从而给出等变带状和谐的障碍。
We determine when there exists a ribbon rational homology cobordism between two connected sums of lens spaces, i.e. one without $3$-handles. In particular, we show that if a lens space $L$ admits a ribbon rational homology cobordism to a different lens space, then $L$ must be homeomorphic to $L(n,1)$, up to orientation-reversal. As an application, we classify ribbon $χ$-concordances between connected sums of $2$-bridge links. Our work builds on Lisca's work on embeddings of linear lattices.
Unknotting number, ribbon concordance, and singular instantons
利用等变奇异瞬子弗洛尔理论，研究通过带状协边得到的切片纽结的解结操作，发现同号解结序列需含两种符号，还给出三维流形类似情况，为德恩手术数单调性提供证据。
Given a connected cobordism between two knots in the 3-sphere, our main result is an inequality involving torsion orders of the knot Floer homology of the knots, and the number of local maxima and the genus of the cobordism. This has several topological applications: The torsion order gives lower bounds on the bridge index and the band-unlinking number of a knot, the fusion number of a ribbon knot, and the number of minima appearing in a slice disk of a knot. It also gives a lower bound on the number of bands appearing in a ribbon concordance between two knots. Our bounds on the bridge index a…
We give a necessary, and in some cases sufficient, condition for sliceness inside the family of pretzel knots $P (p_1,...,p_n)$ with one $p_i$ even. The three stranded case yields two interesting families of examples: the first consists of knots for which the non-sliceness is detected by the Alexander polynomial while several modern obstructions to sliceness vanish. The second family has the property that the correction terms from Heegaard-Floer homology of the double branched covers of these knots do not obstruct the existence of a rational homology ball; however, the Casson-Gordon invariants…
Khovanov concordance minima and the (4,5) torus knot
研究了 (4,5) 螺旋结的 Khovanov homology 在 concordance 类中的性质，证明其为该类中任意结的 Khovanov homology 的 summand。
We obtain representations of the f-based Mapping Class Group of oriented punctured surfaces from an action of mapping classes on Heisenberg homologies of a circle bundle over surface configurations.
Oriented ribbon graphs (dessins d'enfant) are graphs embedded in oriented surfaces. A quasi-tree of a ribbon graph is a spanning subgraph with one face, which is described by an ordered chord diagram. We show that for any link diagram $L$, there is an associated ribbon graph whose quasi-trees correspond bijectively to spanning trees of the graph obtained by checkerboard coloring $L$. This correspondence preserves the bigrading used for the spanning tree model of Khovanov homology, whose Euler characteristic is the Jones polynomial of $L$. Thus, Khovanov homology can be expressed in terms of ri…
Heisenberg homology on surface configurations
受经典辫群表示启发，本文研究带边界可定向曲面上无序构型的同调，利用离散海森堡群表示定义非交换局部系统，构造了扭曲与非扭曲的映射类群表示，并证明其保持半双线性形式。
In this article we give an explicit description of the representation matrix of a Heisenberg type action constructed by Blanchet, Habegger, Masbaum and Vogel. We give the matrix in terms of a ribbon graph and its admissible colorings. We show that components of the representation matrix satisfies the {\it external edge condition}, which is a natural combinatorial/geometric condition for maps from the first homology of the graph. We give the explicit formula of the trace of the action in the case of surfaces with colored structure using the external edge condition, the Verlinde formula and elem…
Algorithms for Computing Invariants of Trisected Branched Covers
本文提出了一种计算三重分支覆盖不变量的算法，应用于多个结的覆盖和同伦-ribbon障碍计算。
We extend the topological field theory (``itsy bitsy topological field theory"') of our previous work from mod-2 to twisted coefficients. This topological field theory is derived from sutured Floer homology but described purely in terms of surfaces with signed points on their boundary (occupied surfaces) and curves on those surfaces respecting signs (sutures). It has information-theoretic (``itsy'') and quantum-field-theoretic (``bitsy'') aspects. In the process we extend some results of sutured Floer homology, consider associated ribbon graph structures, and construct explicit admissible Heeg…
We show that Verdier duality for certain sheaves on the moduli spaces of graphs associated to Koszul operads corresponds to Koszul duality of operads. This in particular gives a conceptual explanation of the appearance of graph cohomology of both the commutative and Lie types in computations of the cohomology of the outer automorphism group of a free group. Another consequence is an explicit computation of dualizing sheaves on spaces of metric graphs, thus characterizing to which extent these spaces are different from oriented orbifolds. We also provide a relation between the cohomology of the…
We consider the extension of classical 2-dimensional topological quantum field theories to Klein topological quantum field theories which allow unorientable surfaces. We approach this using the theory of modular operads by introducing a new operad governing associative algebras with involution. This operad is Koszul and we identify the dual dg operad governing A-infinity algebras with involution in terms of Mobius graphs which are a generalisation of ribbon graphs. We then generalise open topological conformal field theories to open Klein topological conformal field theories and give a generat…
Quantum state systems that count perfect matchings
本文利用拓扑量子场论将基于 Penrose 公式的 $n$-色顶点多项式范畴化为大分次同调，并证明其滤过版本由面着色生成，在 $n=2$ 时对应完美匹配，从而赋予该多项式新的图不变量意义。
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