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arXiv 2401.03264hep-ph
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多希格斯模型中分隔中性真空的破荷畴壁

Charge-breaking domain walls separating neutral vacua in multi-Higgs models

Yucheng Yang, Igor P. Ivanov

AI总结:

本文以具有 $Σ(36)$ 对称性的三希格斯双态模型为例,通过完整相图分析揭示了最深鞍点为破荷的参数区域,从而阐明中性真空间经由破荷气泡壁膨胀与碰撞实现相变的机制,并讨论了多步相变及破荷中间相等宇宙学含义。

摘要:

多希格斯模型的标量势可以具有丰富的极小值和鞍点结构,这些结构随着参数变化以复杂的方式演化。在炽热的早期宇宙中,这可能触发多步相变,并伴随奇异的中间相和特殊的畴壁构型。本文以具有对称群 $Σ(36)$(精确或软破缺)的三希格斯双态模型为例,展示这种丰富性的一瞥。我们给出了其相图,不仅追踪全局极小值,还追踪所有极值点。特别地,我们揭示了参数空间区域,其中最深的鞍点是破荷的。这自然导致中性真空之间的相变,其中涉及膨胀和碰撞的破荷气泡壁。我们还讨论了多步相变的机会、破荷中间相以及不同破荷真空之间的相变。我们用两个基准模型来说明一般性讨论,其中一个模型具有相互竞争的鞍点,并允许出现相同真真空但气泡壁性质不同的气泡。所有这些可能性所具有的引人入胜的宇宙学含义值得专门研究。

英文摘要:

The scalar potential of a multi-Higgs model can possess a rich structure of minima and saddle points, which evolves in an intricate way as the parameters change. In the hot early Universe, it could trigger multi-step phase transitions, with exotic intermediate phases and peculiar domain wall configurations. Here, we provide a glimpse into this richness with the example of the three-Higgs-doublet model with the symmetry group $Σ(36)$, either exact or softly broken. We present its phase diagram tracking not only the global minimum but all of its extrema. In particular, we reveal parameter space regions in which the deepest saddle point is charge breaking. This naturally leads to phase transitions between neutral vacua which involve expanding and colliding charge-breaking bubble walls. We also comment on opportunities of multi-step phase transitions, on charge-breaking intermediate phases, and on phase transitions between different charge-breaking vacua. We illustrate the general discussion with two benchmark models, one of which possesses competing saddle points and allows for emergence of bubbles of the same true vacuum but with bubble walls of different nature. The intriguing cosmological implications of all these possibilities deserve dedicated study.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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