非对称势模型中畴壁的稳定性
Stability of domain walls in models with asymmetric potentials
摘要：
研究了非对称势模型中宇宙畴壁的演化。我们的研究超越了近似对称性自发破缺的标准情况。当对称性被明确打破的潜力表现出几乎退化的最小值，这可能导致创建一个亚稳网络的域壁。网络将衰减的时间取决于最小值的电位值的差异，其在最大分离最小值周围的不对称性以及场的初始分布的偏差。最大分离极小点附近的非对称性效应是一种新的效应，我们用一种新的势研究了这种效应。使用数值晶格模拟，我们确定这些因素的相对重要性的衰变时间的网络通用的潜力。我们发现，即使是非常小的偏离对称的初始分布的情况下，导致畴壁网络的快速衰减。因此，建立一个能够产生可观测的引力波信号的长期网络比以前想象的要困难得多。另一方面，势的形状的细节变得比预期的要不重要得多，并且网络从对称分布的演化由最小值中的势的值的差异控制。
英文摘要：
We study the evolution of cosmological domain walls in models with asymmetric potentials. Our research goes beyond the standard case of spontaneous breaking of an approximate symmetry. When the symmetry is explicitly broken the potential exhibits nearly degenerate minima which can lead to creation of a metastable network of domain walls. The time after which the network will decay depends on the difference of values of the potential in minima, its asymmetry around the maximum separating minima and the bias of the initial distribution of the field. Effect of asymmetry around the maximum separating minima is novel one that we study with a new type of potential. Using numerical lattice simulations we determine relative importance of these factors on decay time of networks for generic potentials. We find that even very small departures from the symmetric initial distribution case lead to rapid decay of the domain wall network. As a result creation of a long lasting network capable of producing observable gravitational wave signals is much more difficult than previously thought. On the other hand details of the shape of the potential turn out to be much less important than was expected and the evolution of network from symmetric distribution is controlled by the difference of values of the potential in the minima.
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