发表机构
Universidade do Porto; Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço; Centro de Física das Universidades do Minho e do Porto（波尔图大学; 空间天体物理研究所; 米尼奥大学和波尔图大学物理中心）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
研究具有简并真空的标量场理论中域壁动力学，通过解析与模拟表明标量场质量依赖真空使域壁辐射各向异性，产生反冲效应促进网络衰变，还指出该效应控制域壁演化，且在非简并真空理论中有额外动力学偏差作用。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究了具有简并真空（即能量密度相等的真空）的标量场理论中域壁的动力学，其中标量场质量取决于真空态。通过解析论证和数值模拟，我们表明标量场质量对真空的这种依赖性使得域壁发射标量辐射具有各向异性，优先朝向标量场质量较小的区域。我们进一步表明，由此产生的反冲（火箭）效应使宇宙学域壁网络的演化偏向低质量真空，从而促进网络衰变。我们还证明，简并真空理论中域壁的有偏演化，以前归因于局部最大值附近势垒的不对称性，实际上主要由标量场质量对真空的依赖性控制。更一般地说，在非简并真空理论中，这种反冲机制构成了动力学偏差的额外来源，相对于仅基于真空能量密度差异的标准预期，它可以加速或延迟网络衰变。
英文摘要
We investigate the dynamics of domain walls in scalar field theories with degenerate vacua (i.e., vacua of equal energy density) in which the scalar field mass depends on the vacuum state. Using analytical arguments and numerical simulations, we show that this vacuum dependence of the scalar field mass renders the emission of scalar radiation from domain walls anisotropic, preferentially toward regions with smaller scalar field mass. We further show that the resulting recoil (rocket) effect biases the evolution of cosmological domain wall networks in favor of the lower-mass vacuum, thereby promoting network decay. We also demonstrate that the biased evolution of domain walls in theories with degenerate vacua, previously attributed to asymmetries of the potential barrier near the local maximum, is instead primarily controlled by the vacuum dependence of the scalar field mass. More generally, in theories with non-degenerate vacua, this recoil mechanism constitutes an additional source of dynamical bias that can either hasten or delay network decay relative to the standard expectation based solely on differences in vacuum energy density.
CommentsOne figure and several references have been added, the discussion has been extended, and a few typos have been corrected. The results remain unchanged
