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arXiv 2401.02604astro-ph.HEgr-qc
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利用第三代引力波观测站对中子星方程进行高精度约束

Precision constraints on the neutron star equation of state with third-generation gravitational-wave observatories

International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, University of Western Australia(西澳大利亚大学国际射电天文研究中心);OzGrav: The ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery(ARC引力波发现卓越中心);School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University(蒙纳士大学物理与天文学院);Swinburne University of Technology(斯威本科技大学)

Kris Walker, Rory Smith, Eric Thrane, Daniel J. Reardon

AI总结:

利用第三代引力波观测站,通过模拟双中子星并合观测,对中子星半径约束达到约200米,比现有约束提升十倍。

摘要:

目前尚不清楚在中子星核心中发现的极端密度下物质的行为。测量中子星方程的状态可以探测到实验室无法接触到的核物理。由双中子星并合产生的引力波编码了关于这一物理的细节,从而可以推断出方程的状态。计划中的第三代引力波观测站具有极大改进的灵敏度,预计能够对中子星方程的状态提供紧密的约束。我们结合第三代观测站宇宙探索者和爱因斯坦望远镜对双中子星并合的模拟观测,以确定未来在合理中子星质量范围内对方程状态的约束。在一年的运行中,由一个宇宙探索者和爱因斯坦望远镜组成的网络预计能够检测到大于3×10^5次双中子星并合。通过只考虑最响亮的75个事件,我们表明这样的网络将能够将中子星半径约束到至少小于200米(90%置信度)在1-1.97M太阳质量范围内——大约是当前LIGO-维格罗-KAGRA和NICER的约束的十倍更好。在1.4-1.6M太阳质量附近,我们假设双中子星质量分布峰值处,约束为小于75米(90%置信度),这主要由最响亮的约20个事件驱动。

英文摘要:

It is currently unknown how matter behaves at the extreme densities found within the cores of neutron stars. Measurements of the neutron star equation of state probe nuclear physics that is otherwise inaccessible in a laboratory setting. Gravitational waves from binary neutron star mergers encode details about this physics, allowing the equation of state to be inferred. Planned third-generation gravitational-wave observatories, having vastly improved sensitivity, are expected to provide tight constraints on the neutron star equation of state. We combine simulated observations of binary neutron star mergers by the third-generation observatories Cosmic Explorer and Einstein Telescope to determine future constraints on the equation of state across a plausible neutron star mass range. In one year of operation, a network consisting of one Cosmic Explorer and the Einstein Telescope is expected to detect $\gtrsim 3\times 10^5$ binary neutron star mergers. By considering only the 75 loudest events, we show that such a network will be able to constrain the neutron star radius to at least $\lesssim 200$ m (90% credibility) in the mass range $1-1.97$ $M_{\odot}$ -- about ten times better than current constraints from LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA and NICER. The constraint is $\lesssim 75$ m (90% credibility) near $1.4-1.6$ $M_{\odot}$ where we assume the the binary neutron star mass distribution is peaked. This constraint is driven primarily from the loudest $\sim 20$ events.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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