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arXiv 2312.03255cs.ITeess.SPmath.IT
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致密化MIMO:全息通信的信道建模、物理约束与性能评估

Densifying MIMO: Channel Modeling, Physical Constraints, and Performance Evaluation for Holographic Communications

Y. Liu, M. Zhang, T. Wang, A. Zhang, M. Debbah

AI总结:

本文针对全息通信中天线互耦合、极化和缺乏实验的问题,提出一种基于电磁波特性的信道模型,从理论上研究了大规模密集天线阵列的性能限制,并通过仿真和测量实验发现元件间距小于半波长时的耦合效应是导致性能拐点的主因。

摘要:

作为第五代(5G)蜂窝网络的骨干,大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)在实际应用中面临着一个重大挑战:如何在有限空间内部署大量天线元件。最近,全息通信作为解决该问题的潜在方案应运而生。它采用密集天线阵列并提供了一个易于处理的模型。然而,要实现这一创新概念,必须解决一些挑战。首先是阵列内天线元件之间的互耦合。当元件间距很小时,近场耦合成为强烈限制阵列性能的主导因素。其次是电磁波的极化。作为一种固有属性,它在此前的全息通信信道建模中未被充分考虑。第三是缺乏真实世界的实验来展示全息通信系统的潜力和可能缺陷。在本文中,我们提出了一种基于电磁波特性的电磁信道模型。该模型涵盖了收发机两端的互耦合影响以及传播环境中的去极化影响。此外,通过近似无限阵列,从理论上研究了大规模密集天线阵列的性能限制,以挖掘所提出信道的潜力。另外,还进行了数值仿真和信道测量实验。研究结果表明,在有限空间内,耦合效应,特别是当元件间距小于波长一半时,是导致全息通信性能出现拐点的主要因素。

英文摘要:

As the backbone of the fifth-generation (5G) cellular network, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) encounters a significant challenge in practical applications: how to deploy a large number of antenna elements within limited spaces. Recently, holographic communication has emerged as a potential solution to this issue. It employs dense antenna arrays and provides a tractable model. Nevertheless, some challenges must be addressed to actualize this innovative concept. One is the mutual coupling among antenna elements within an array. When the element spacing is small, near-field coupling becomes the dominant factor that strongly restricts the array performance. Another is the polarization of electromagnetic waves. As an intrinsic property, it was not fully considered in the previous channel modeling of holographic communication. The third is the lack of real-world experiments to show the potential and possible defects of a holographic communication system. In this paper, we propose an electromagnetic channel model based on the characteristics of electromagnetic waves. This model encompasses the impact of mutual coupling in the transceiver sides and the depolarization in the propagation environment. Furthermore, by approximating an infinite array, the performance restrictions of large-scale dense antenna arrays are also studied theoretically to exploit the potential of the proposed channel. In addition, numerical simulations and a channel measurement experiment are conducted. The findings reveal that within limited spaces, the coupling effect, particularly for element spacing smaller than half of the wavelength, is the primary factor leading to the inflection point for the performance of holographic communications.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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