End-to-End Modeling of the TDM Readout System for CMB-S4
David C. Goldfinger, Zeeshan Ahmed, Darcy R. Barron, W. Bertrand Doriese, Malcolm Durkin, Jeffrey P. Filippini, Gunther Haller, Shawn W. Henderson, Ryan Herbst,… 展开作者
David C. Goldfinger, Zeeshan Ahmed, Darcy R. Barron, W. Bertrand Doriese, Malcolm Durkin, Jeffrey P. Filippini, Gunther Haller, Shawn W. Henderson, Ryan Herbst, Johannes Hubmayr, Kent Irwin, Ben Reese, Leonid Sapozhnikov, Keith L. Thompson, Joel Ullom, Michael R. Vissers
备注:
This manuscript was submitted to the Journal of Low Temperature Physics as part of the special issue "LTD20", supporting the conference contribution RP-005
The CMB-S4 experiment is developing next-generation ground-based microwave telescopes to observe the Cosmic Microwave Background with unprecedented sensitivity. This will require an order of magnitude increase in the 100 mK detector count, which in turn increases the demands on the readout system. The CMB-S4 readout will use time division multiplexing (TDM), taking advantage of faster switches and amplifiers in order to achieve an increased multiplexing factor. To facilitate the design of the new readout system, we have developed a model that predicts the bandwidth and noise performance of this circuity and its interconnections. This is then used to set requirements on individual components in order to meet the performance necessary for the full system. We present an overview of this model and compare the model results to the performance of both legacy and prototype readout hardware.
Advanced Time-Division Multiplexed Readout Chain for the BICEP Array 90/150 GHz Receiver
Stanford University(斯坦福大学);Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University(斯坦福大学卡弗里粒子天体物理与宇宙学研究所);Cardiff University(卡迪夫大学);SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory(SLAC国家加速器实验室);University of British Columbia(不列颠哥伦比亚大学);Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian(哈佛-史密森尼天体物理中心);California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院);University of Cincinnati(辛辛那提大学);Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院喷气推进实验室);University of Chicago(芝加哥大学);National Institute of Standards and Technology(美国国家标准与技术研究院);Argonne National Laboratory(阿贡国家实验室);University of Minnesota(明尼苏达大学);Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique(法国原子能委员会);University of Iceland(冰岛大学);Harvard University(哈佛大学);University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign(伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校);University of Cambridge(剑桥大学);Kavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge(剑桥卡弗里宇宙学研究所);Boston University(波士顿大学)
picoMUX: microcontroller based time-domain multiplexing readout for kilopixel TES arrays
Princeton University(普林斯顿大学);Stockholm University(斯德哥尔摩大学);National Institute of Standards and Technology(美国国家标准与技术研究院);Case Western Reserve University(凯斯西储大学);University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign(伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校);University of Iceland(冰岛大学);University of Colorado Boulder(科罗拉多大学博尔德分校)
The Precursor Small Aperture Telescope (PreSAT) CMB polarimeter
Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian(哈佛-史密森天体物理中心);Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory(卡弗里粒子天体物理学与宇宙学研究所,SLAC国家加速器实验室);Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院物理系);Jet Propulsion Laboratory(喷气推进实验室);Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota(明尼苏达大学物理与天文学院天体物理研究所);Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania(宾夕法尼亚大学物理与天文学系);Department of Physics, Enrico Fermi Institute, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago(芝加哥大学物理系,恩里科·费米研究所,卡弗里宇宙物理学研究所)
The Simons Observatory: Studies of Phase Drift in RF Transmission Lines from the First Large-Scale Deployment of Microwave Frequency Multiplexing for Cosmology
Stanford University(斯坦福大学);Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, Stanford(斯坦福粒子天体物理与宇宙学卡弗里研究所);SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory(SLAC国家加速器实验室);Cornell University(康奈尔大学);Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University(耶鲁大学物理莱特实验室)
Multichroic TES Bolometers and Galaxy Cluster Mass Scaling Relations with the South Pole Telescope
南极望远镜(英语:South Pole Telescope)是一个高分辨率的微波频率望远镜,用于观测宇宙微波背景(CMB)。到目前为止,已经在SPT上安装了两台摄像机,对CMB进行了两次调查,第一次是强度调查(SPT-SZ),第二次是强度和偏振调查(SPTpol)。目前正在开发第三代偏振敏感相机(SPT-3G)。本论文介绍了工作跨越所有三个仪器上的SPT。我提出我的工作在时间颠倒的顺序,遵循仪器开发,部署和分析的规范叙述。首先,新的3波段多色过渡边缘传感器(TES)的SPT-3G实验测辐射热计的开发和测试进行了详细说明,其次是频率复用低温读出电子的SPTpol实验的开发和部署,并得出结论与SPT-SZ仪器所采取的数据分析。我描述了一个贝叶斯似然为基础的方法,我开发的测量综合康普顿化(YSZ)的星系团的Sunyaev-Zel 'dovich(SZ)效应,并限制星系团YSZ质量标度关系的发展。
QUBIC: using NbSi TESs with a bolometric interferometer to characterize the polarisation of the CMB
QUBIC(Q \& U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology)是一个国际地面实验,专门用于测量宇宙微波背景(CMB)的偏振起伏。它是基于测热干涉测量,一个原始的检测技术相结合的免疫系统的影响与低温非相干探测器的灵敏度的干涉仪。QUBIC将部署在阿根廷萨尔塔省San Antonio de los Cobres附近的Alto Chorrillos山区。QUBIC检测链由2048个冷却至350 mK的NbSi跃迁边缘传感器(TES)组成。电压偏置的TES通过基于1 K超导量子干涉器件(SQUID)和60 K新型SiGe专用集成电路(ASIC)的时域多路复用读取,从而实现前所未有的复用(MUX)因子128。QUBIC实验目前正在实验室中进行表征,在升级到完整仪器之前,减少了探测器的数量。我将介绍这个表征阶段的最后结果,重点是探测器和读出系统。
The Simons Observatory: Overview of data acquisition, control, monitoring, and computer infrastructure
西蒙斯天文台(SO)是一个即将进行的极化宇宙微波背景(CMB)调查实验,将使用三个小口径望远镜和一个大口径望远镜从智利的阿塔卡马沙漠进行观测。总的来说,SO将在27和280 GHz之间的六个光谱波段中放置超过60,000个过渡边缘传感器(TES)测辐射热计,以实现测量或约束众多宇宙学参数所需的灵敏度,包括张量标量比,相对论物质的有效数量以及中微子质量的总和。SO科学目标需要协调和控制分布在现场四台望远镜之间的硬件。为了满足这一需求,我们设计并构建了一个用于分布式系统管理的开源平台,称为Observatory Control System(ocs)。该控制系统与所有子系统接口,包括望远镜控制单元、微波多路复用读出电子设备和低温测温。我们还开发了一个实时监测内务数据和警报的系统,这两者对于远程观察都至关重要。我们利用现有的开源项目,例如用于RPC和PubSub的crossbar,用于异步事件的twisted,用于在线远程监控的grafana以及用于容器化的docker。我们提供了SO软件和计算机基础设施的概述,包括SO开发的代码与开源资源的集成,以及在SO实验室开发硬件系统进行测试时所吸取的经验教训。
Engineering of titanium transition edge sensor wafers for the BA4-90/150 receiver of BICEP Array
California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院);Cardiff University(卡迪夫大学);Stanford University(斯坦福大学);SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory(SLAC国家加速器实验室);University of British Columbia(不列颠哥伦比亚大学);Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian(哈佛-史密松尼天体物理中心);University of Cincinnati(辛辛那提大学);Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院喷气推进实验室);University of Chicago(芝加哥大学);National Institute of Standards and Technology(美国国家标准与技术研究院);Argonne National Laboratory(阿贡国家实验室);University of Minnesota(明尼苏达大学);Commissariat a l’Energie Atomique(法国原子能和替代能源委员会);Harvard University(哈佛大学);University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign(伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校);University of Cambridge(剑桥大学)