地图多工具：一种基于地图的宇宙微波背景实验光束系统建模方法
Map Multi-Tool: A Map-Based Approach to Modeling Beam Systematics for Cosmic Microwave Background Experiments
AI总结：
研究针对宇宙微波背景实验，提出基于地图的模拟框架MMT，通过卷积模拟天空实现与失真光束生成天空图和功率谱，以评估光束系统效应，借电读出串扰和探测器时间常数响应示例展示其能力，为相关设计校准决策提供信息。
AI中文摘要：
宇宙微波背景（CMB）实验利用仪器系统效应模拟来确保对宇宙学参数的高保真测量。量化这些效应的预期大小能让实验改进设计、设定性能要求并理解残余系统效应带来的潜在测量偏差。本文提出一种名为地图多工具（MMT）的新模拟框架，它用基于地图的方法为CMB仪器对与光束相关的系统效应进行建模。该流程将模拟的天空实现与失真的强度和偏振光束（包括泄漏效应）进行卷积，以生成天空图和功率谱，这些输出可作为宇宙学参数估计器的输入。通过电读出串扰和探测器时间常数响应引发的非理想光束示例展示了MMT的能力，说明了它在为减轻CMB仪器系统效应的关键设计和校准决策提供信息方面的广泛能力。
英文摘要：
Cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments use simulations of instrumental systematic effects to ensure high-fidelity measurements of cosmological parameters. Quantifying the expected magnitude of these effects enables experiments to improve designs, set performance requirements, and understand potential measurement biases from residual systematics. Here we present a new simulation framework, called Map Multi-Tool (MMT), which models beam-related systematics for CMB instruments using a map-based approach. The pipeline convolves simulated sky realizations with distorted intensity and polarization beams, including leakage effects, to produce sky maps and power spectra. These outputs can then be used as inputs for cosmological parameter estimators. this framework enables efficient evaluation of such systematic effects. We demonstrate the capabilities of MMT with examples of non-ideal beams induced by electrical readout crosstalk and detector time constant response. The electrical crosstalk example considers eight different schemes for a time-division multiplexed readout architecture, and shows how they lead to different levels of angular power spectrum leakage for row-switching and inductive crosstalk. The detector time constant example demonstrates how associated uncertainties can alter CMB spectra at high multipoles and bias cosmological parameters. These examples illustrate some of MMT's broad capabilities to inform critical design and calibration decisions to mitigate systematic effects in CMB instruments.
