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arXiv 2311.03465cond-mat.soft
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四维Lennard-Jones液体中的均匀结晶

Homogeneous crystallization in four-dimensional Lennard-Jones liquids

Robert S. Hoy

AI总结:

该研究首次在符合物理实际动力学的大尺寸四维Lennard-Jones液体模拟中观测到均匀结晶,发现长程吸引力加速4D结晶的效应与3D类似,但局域键序分布重叠的趋势相反,表明几何阻挫抑制结晶的假说仅在无粒子间吸引力时普遍成立。

摘要:

我们报道了在模拟高维(d>3)液体中首次观测到均匀结晶的结果,该模拟遵循符合物理实际的动力学规律,且系统尺寸足够大,可排除周期性边界条件诱导结晶的可能性。处于零压强、恒定温度0.59<T<0.63条件下的过冷四维(4D)Lennard-Jones(LJ)液体,在约2×10^4τ内发生结晶,其中τ为LJ时间单位。在与LJ体系发生成核的相同密度和温度下维持的WCA液体,即使经过2.5×10^5τ也未结晶,这表明长程吸引相互作用的存在极大加速了4D结晶过程,这一效应与三维(3D)中的情况非常相似。然而,LJ体系中液相与晶相的局域键序分布的重叠程度远小于WCA体系,这与3D中的变化趋势相反。这意味着,被广泛接受的“随着空间维度d增加,几何阻挫增强会迅速抑制结晶”的假说,通常仅在不存在粒子间吸引力的情况下成立。

英文摘要:

We report the first observation of homogeneous crystallization in simulated high-dimensional ($d > 3$) liquids that follow physically realistic dynamics and have system sizes that are large enough to eliminate the possibility that crystallization was induced by the periodic boundary conditions. Supercooled four-dimensional (4D) Lennard-Jones liquids maintained at zero pressure and constant temperatures $0.59 < T < 0.63$ crystallized within $\sim 2 \times 10^4τ$, where $τ$ is the LJ time unit. WCA liquids that were maintained at the same densities and temperatures at which their LJ counterparts nucleated did not crystallize even after $2.5\times 10^5τ$, showing that the presence of long-ranged attractive interactions dramatically speeds up 4D crystallization, much as it does in 3D. However, the overlap of the liquid and crystalline phases' local-bond-order distributions is much smaller for LJ than for WCA systems, which is the opposite of the 3D trend. This implies that the widely accepted hypothesis that increasing geometrical frustration rapidly suppresses crystallization as the spatial dimension $d$ increases is only generally valid in the absence of attractive interparticle forces.

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