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arXiv 2310.03314cs.ROcs.AIcs.CVcs.LG
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基于约束概率人体运动预测的增强型人机协作

Enhanced Human-Robot Collaboration using Constrained Probabilistic Human-Motion Prediction

Massachusetts Institute of Technology(麻省理工学院)

Aadi Kothari, Tony Tohme, Xiaotong Zhang, Kamal Youcef-Toumi

AI总结:

针对现有方法未利用人体运动学模型与场景约束的问题,提出融入关节和场景约束的高斯过程回归人体运动预测框架,结合在线上下文感知约束模型,经仿真与实体实验验证可显著提升预测性能,助力高效安全的人机协作。

摘要:

人体运动预测是实现高效、安全人机协作的关键步骤。现有方法要么纯粹依赖某种基于神经网络的架构来表征人体关节,要么离线使用回归模型拟合超参数,以期得到一个能涵盖人体运动的模型。尽管这些方法取得了不错的初步效果,但它们未能利用已被充分研究的人体运动学模型,以及身体和场景约束——这些约束既可以提升这类预测框架的效能,还能明确避免出现不符合人体生理结构的关节构型。\n我们提出了一种新型人体运动预测框架,该框架将人体关节约束与场景约束融入高斯过程回归(Gaussian Process Regression, GPR)模型,用于预测设定时间范围内的人体运动。该公式与一个在线上下文感知约束模型相结合,以利用任务相关的运动特征。研究在人体手臂运动学模型上对该方法进行了测试,并在搭载UR5机械臂的人机协作平台上实现了该方法,以验证我们方法的实时性。同时还在HA4M和ANDY等数据集上开展了仿真实验。仿真与实验结果表明,当明确纳入这些约束时,高斯过程框架的性能得到了显著提升。

英文摘要:

Human motion prediction is an essential step for efficient and safe human-robot collaboration. Current methods either purely rely on representing the human joints in some form of neural network-based architecture or use regression models offline to fit hyper-parameters in the hope of capturing a model encompassing human motion. While these methods provide good initial results, they are missing out on leveraging well-studied human body kinematic models as well as body and scene constraints which can help boost the efficacy of these prediction frameworks while also explicitly avoiding implausible human joint configurations. We propose a novel human motion prediction framework that incorporates human joint constraints and scene constraints in a Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) model to predict human motion over a set time horizon. This formulation is combined with an online context-aware constraints model to leverage task-dependent motions. It is tested on a human arm kinematic model and implemented on a human-robot collaborative setup with a UR5 robot arm to demonstrate the real-time capability of our approach. Simulations were also performed on datasets like HA4M and ANDY. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate considerable improvements in a Gaussian Process framework when these constraints are explicitly considered.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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