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arXiv 2310.03065astro-ph.GA
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超新星能否熄灭高红移(high-$z$)星系中的恒星形成?

Can supernovae quench star formation in high-$z$ galaxies?

Viola Gelli, Stefania Salvadori, Andrea Ferrara, Andrea Pallottini

AI总结:

本研究构建极简物理模型,探究超新星反馈能否熄灭高红移星系的恒星形成,发现超新星反馈无法解释两个已观测到的高红移宁静星系的恒星形成熄灭,提出辐射驱动的尘埃外流是更可能的机制,为解读JWST数据提供了工具。

摘要:

詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜(JWST)为直接研究调控早期星系中恒星形成(SF)的反馈过程提供了独特机遇。迄今探测到的两个红移$z>5$的宁静系统(JADES-GS-z7-01-QU和MACS0417-z5BBG)均显示出近期的星暴现象,且星暴之后恒星形成受到抑制。为阐明此类熄灭是否由超新星(SN)反馈导致,我们构建了一个极简物理模型。我们推导了最小恒星形成率$\rm SFR_{min}$需满足的条件——该恒星形成率需持续时间间隔$Δt_{b}$,才能熄灭红移为$z$、气体金属丰度为$Z$、寄主晕质量为$M_h$的星系中的恒星形成。研究发现,$(z, Z, M_h)$值更低的系统更易发生恒星形成熄灭。随后我们将该条件应用于JADES-GS-z7-01-QU($z=7.3$,恒星质量$M_\bullet=10^{8.6} M_\bullet$)和MACS0417-z5BBG($z=5.2$,恒星质量$M_\bullet=10^{7.6} M_\bullet$),结果表明超新星反馈基本无法复现观测到的恒星形成熄灭历史。作为替代解释,我们认为恒星形成是由辐射驱动的尘埃外流快速抑制的,这类外流由两个星系的高比恒星形成率(分别为43和25 Gyr$^{-1}$)所维持。我们的模型为解释星暴后星系的恒星形成历史、从即将到来的JWST数据中揭示恒星形成熄灭机制提供了一种简便工具。

英文摘要:

JWST is providing the unique opportunity to directly study feedback processes regulating star formation (SF) in early galaxies. The two $z>5$ quiescent systems (JADES-GS-z7-01-QU and MACS0417-z5BBG) detected so far show a recent starburst after which SF is suppressed. To clarify whether such quenching is due to supernova (SN) feedback, we have developed a minimal physical model. We derive a condition on the minimum star formation rate, $\rm SFR_{min}$, lasting for a time interval $Δt_{b}$, required to quench SF in a galaxy at redshift $z$, with gas metallicity $Z$, and hosted by a halo of mass $M_h$. We find that lower $(z, Z, M_h)$ systems are more easily quenched. We then apply the condition to JADES-GS-z7-01-QU ($z=7.3$, $M_\star=10^{8.6} M_\odot$) and MACS0417-z5BBG ($z=5.2$, $M_\star=10^{7.6} M_\odot$), and find that SN feedback largely fails to reproduce the observed quenched SF history. Alternatively, we suggest that SF is rapidly suppressed by radiation-driven dusty outflows sustained by the high specific SFR (43 and 25 Gyr$^{-1}$, respectively) of the two galaxies. Our model provides a simple tool to interpret the SF histories of post-starburst galaxies, and unravel quenching mechanisms from incoming JWST data.

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